农村艾滋病流行区居民艾滋病知识、态度调查分析

目的了解艾滋病流行区农村居民对艾滋病相关知识和态度情况，探索适合农村居民的预防控制艾滋病和减少歧视的教育措施，为有关部门制定相关的政策提供基础资料。方法选取安徽省郎溪县某镇居民897人，进行入户问卷调查。结果居民获得艾滋病相关知识的主要来源为电视广播、报刊杂志和邻居朋友，居民对艾滋病主要传播途径和非传播途径的知晓率仅达到50％左右，但蚊虫叮咬不传播艾滋病知晓率比较低，且男女无差别；8．92％左右的人群认为自己处于感染艾滋病的危险中，大多数人觉得这种威胁离他们很遥远，对艾滋病病人或感染者的态度54．96％的人认为值得同情，只有部分人能容忍和艾滋病病人或感染者有一定程度的接触如共乘交通工具、共用劳动工具等，但对于较为密切的接触行为表现出一定的歧视如共同进餐、从艾滋病人或感染者处购置食物或用品和照顾服侍艾滋病病人或感染者，且女性对艾滋病人的歧视要比男性严重。结论对农村居民深入开展形式多样和有针对性的预防艾滋病健康教育，以提高对艾滋病相关知识的知晓率和消除歧视从而控制艾滋病的蔓延已十分必要。

Analysis of AIDS in rural epidemic areas in terms of knowledge, attitude and reaction

Objective To investigate the status and influencing factors of knowledge, attitude and reaction towards AIDS among inhabitants in rural epidemic areas and explore the prevention and control of AIDS, and provide the basic information for AIDS community intervention project and guidelines. Methods 897 inhabitants were selected in a county in Anhui Province and questionnaire was used. Resuits The sources of obtaining the knowledge of AIDS were video, TV, newspapers, magazines, friends, and neighbors. The awareness of transmitted route and non-transmitted route reached only about 50 % , and the knowledge that mosquitoes do not transmit AIDS was little, with no difference between males and females. The proportion of inhabitants who considered themselves at the risk of being infected with AIDS was 8.92%, and 54.96 % inhabitants had sympathy for with AIDS patients and HIV infected persons. Conclusions It is necessary to carry out all kinds of health education to enhance the knowledge of AIDS and to eliminate discrimination.