中药炮制“三适”理论的研究与实践

中药炮制作为中医临床用药的重要环节,其最主要的作用就是减毒增效。中药如何经炮制后在临床上发挥最佳疗效,关键在于"适度""适应"和"适时"三方面,即"三适"理论。近些年来,学者们围绕炮制的"三适"原则和理论做了大量的研究工作,充分阐释了"三适"炮制理论的科学内涵,极大推动了中药炮制的传承与创新。笔者总结了传统中医药理论中"三适"的基本内涵,并结合现代研究报道,分析探讨了"三适"理论是如何贯穿于药物炮制前后的药效及成分变化研究,并提出既要系统地整理传统炮制理论,也要利用现代先进的技术手段来阐释炮制理论本质,创新发展现代新理论,更好地推动炮制学科发展,促进炮制行业进步。

Research and Practice of"Three Suitability"Theory in Processing of Traditional Chinese Medicine

As an important part of clinical medication, the main function of processing of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) is to reduce toxicity and increase efficiency. The key to the best clinical efficacy of TCM after processing lies in three aspects of moderation, adaptation and timeliness, namely "three suitability" theory. In recent years, scholars have done a lot of research under the guide of "three suitability" theory, fully explaining the scientific connotation of the theory, which greatly promoted the inheritance and innovation of TCM processing. In this paper, the basic connotation of "three suitability" theory was summarized, combining with a large number of modern research reports, the pharmacodynamics and composition changes of processed drugs were analyzed and discussed under the guide of "three suitability" theory. At the end of the paper, the authors proposed that we should not only systematize the traditional processing theories, but also use modern advanced technologies to explain the essence of traditional processing theories, and to innovate and develop new processing theories, promote the development of TCM processing discipline and the progress of TCM processing industry.