中药材外源性物质吸收相关理论分析

中药的安全性受到多种因素的影响,而外源性有害物质对其安全性的影响近年来备受关注并已成为热点,尤其是重金属和农药残留量等有害物质。为探索非土壤与农药施治因素对这两种有害物质残留量的影响,该实验通过中药玄参、百合的重金属与农残进行检测,并对其数据进行相关性分析,采用超分子化学理论进行转运相使机理与指纹图谱总量统计矩相似度工具进行诠释。该文大量实验数据结果表明,百合、玄参中的重金属与农药含量呈现正相关性,这与超分子现象息息相关,而且百合、玄参农残的检测图谱存在高相似度,提示百合、玄参体内农残的吸收具有强的选择性,证明不同产地的玄参、百合有对于农药的吸收具有超分子"印迹模板"的吸收功能。该文认为药用植物体是一个拥有各种层次"印迹模板"的巨复超分子体。重金属与农残超分子也参与植物生长期,形成了农残与重金属形成的超分子"印迹模板"与农残自身的超分子"印迹模板"。当重金属与农残形成超分子后,其脂溶性与渗透性不同程度地改变,在药用植物体内的转运就相使促进,最终农药重金属超分子在植物体内吸收、分布、聚集与积蓄。研究结果旨在为揭示重金属与农药超分子现象-相使转运-农残吸收的超分子的"印迹模板"作用机制,为重金属与农药残留的治理提出新的治理方向,进一步确保中药的安全性。

Theory Analysis on Absorption of Exogenous Substances in Traditional Chinese Medicine

The safety of traditional Chinese medicine is affected by many factors,and the influence of exogenous harmful substances has been concerned and become a hot spot in recent years,especially heavy metals, pesticide residues and some other harmful substances. In order to explore the effects of non-soil and non-pesticide treatment on residues of these two harmful substances,the heavy metals and agricultural residues of Lilii Bulbus were detected,and the correlation of the data was analyzed. In this experiment,heavy metals and pesticide residues of Scrophulariae Radix were detected,and correlation analysis was conducted for their data. The mechanism of transport phase was interpreted with statistical moment similarity tool of total fingerprint by supramolecular chemistry theory. A large number of experimental data in this paper showed that heavy metals and pesticide contents in Lilii Bulbus basaltifolia had a positive correlation,which was closely related to supramolecular phenomena. Moreover,the similarity of fingerprints between Lilii Bulbus and Scrophulariae Radix suggested that Lilii Bulbus and Scrophulariae Radixa had a high selectivity in absorption of agricultural residues, which proved that the absorption of pesticides in Lilii Bulbus and Scrophulariae Radix from different habitats had the function of supramolecular imprinting template. It was considered that medicinal plant was a giant complex supramolecule with various levels of "imprinted template". Heavy metals and agricultural residues were also involved in plant growth,forming an "imprinted template" for the formation of supramolecules between agricultural residues and heavy metals. After heavy metals and agricultural residues formed supramolecules,their liposolubility and permeability changed in varying degrees,and their transport in medicinal plants was promoted. Finally,the heavy metal supramolecules of pesticides were absorbed,distributed,aggregated and accumulated in plants. The purpose of the study was to reveal the mechanism of heavy metal and pesticide supramolecule transport,provide a new direction for the treatment of heavy metals and pesticide residues,and ensure the safety of traditional Chinese medicine.