当归挥发油提取工艺优化及其乳化芳香水成分分析

目的:优选当归挥发油的提取工艺,拟合其提取动力学模型方程,同时测定挥发油及芳香水的化学成分,为当归挥发油的工业化生产提供参考。方法:采用改进的挥发油提取器,应用响应面法对当归挥发油提取参数进行优化,并对其提取速率进行拟合,计算出拟合方程。采用GC-MS测定当归挥发油提取过程中轻油、重油、及其乳化芳香水的成分,找出其产生乳化的化学物质基础。结果:最佳提取工艺为提取时间8.55 h,料液比1∶10,浸泡时间1.82 h;挥发油提取率(0.70±0.01)%。最优工艺的动力学方程V=0.72(1-e-0.000 74t)(R2=0.996 7)和ln(0.72-V)=-0.014 1t-0.349 3(R2=0.998 7)。乳化芳香水成分与当归挥发油有较大的区别,尤其在当归乳化芳香水中,4-乙烯基-2-甲氧基苯酚的相对质量分数为当归挥发油的38.6倍。结论:应用响应面法优选当归挥发油提取工艺的方法可行,2种提取动力学方程可拟合其提取工艺过程,当归挥发油及其芳香水的某些成分存在较大差异。

Optimization of Extraction Technology of Volatile Oil from Angelicae Sinensis Radix and Analysis of Chemical Components in Its Aromatic Water

Objective: To optimize the extraction process of volatile oil from Angelicae Sinensis Radix and fit its extraction kinetic model equation, and then to detect chemical components in volatile oil and aromatic water.Method: The improved extractor of volatile oil was adopted, extraction process of volatile oil from Angelicae Sinensis Radix was optimized by response surface methodology, then the extraction rate of volatile oil was fitted and the regression equations were calculated.Components in light oil, heavy oil and emulsified aromatic water during the extraction process of volatile oil were determined by GC-MS, in order to find out the chemical material base for formation of emulsification.Result: Optimal extraction process was as follows:extracting time of 8.55 h, solid-liquid ratio of 1:10, soaked 1.82 h;extraction rate of volatile oil was(0.70±0.01)%.Kinetic equations of optimal technology were V=0.72(1-e^{-0.000 74t}) (R²=0.996 7) and ln(0.72-V)=-0.014 1t-0.349 3(R²=0.998 7).Components in aromatic water were different from those in volatile oil from Angelicae Sinensis Radix, especially for 2-vinyl-4-methoxyphenol.Conclusion: This optimized extraction process is feasible and stable, two extraction dynamics equations can be fitted to its extraction process, components in aromatic water have a larger difference with those in volatile oil.