外科压疮高危患者的循证护理

目的 探讨预防外科压疮高危患者压疮发生的干预方法 .方法 将100例经压疮危险因素评估评分<16分的患者随机分为观察组与对照组各50例.对照组行常规护理.观察组按确立问题、检索证据、评价证据、应用证据等程序行循证护理:卧泡沫床(或气垫床);每2小时翻身1次,平卧位和左、右30°倾斜体位交替进行;平卧位抬高床头时角度不大于30°,足跟处置软枕;病情限制翻身者,每2小时抬高臀部1次,用软枕垫在患者的腰骶部、左右交替;骶尾部、足跟等骨突出处每2小时喷赛肤润1次,并轻拍至吸收(皮肤破溃者禁用);根据血清白蛋白浓度配制膳食或肠内外营养等.结果 观察组患者压疮发生率显著低于对照组(P<0.05),压疮发生时间明显延迟,压疮严重程度明显下降(P<0.05,P<0.01);两组压疮均治愈.结论 循证护理方案可有效降低压疮高危患者的压疮发生率,减轻患者痛苦,提高基础护理质量.

Surgical Patients at High Risk of Pressure Ulcer:Evidence-based Nursing Approach

Objective To explore the nursing measures for preventing unavoidable pressure ulcer in high risk population. Methods A total of 100 patients with risk evaluation score of pressure ulcer less than 16, were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group equally. Patients in the observation group received evidence-based individualized nursing interventions, including using foam or air mattresses; turning over every 2 hours, from prone position to 30 degree left or right lateral position if pati...