北京市海淀街道35岁以上高龄妇女妊娠结局分析

目的了解北京市海淀街道户籍35岁以上高龄妇女的妊娠情况及其对分娩的影响。方法回顾性分析198例35岁以上孕妇的妊娠合并症、并发症、分娩方式及新生儿结局情况，并与1691例35岁以下孕妇进行比较分析。结果观察组的妊娠期糖尿病、妊娠合并妇科肿瘤的发生率分别为8．1％和2．5％，要显著高于对照组的3．6％和0．9％（x2值分别为9．072、4．541，均P〈0．05）。观察组剖宫产率为70．2％，显著高于对照组的40．0％（x2=65．736，P〈0．05）。观察组新生儿出生体重中位数为3250kg，低于对照组的3370kg（z=-2．127，P〈0．05）；早产儿为5．6％，高于对照组的2．5％（x2=4．759，P〈0．05）。结论35岁以上孕妇的妊娠合并症和并发症明显增多，剖宫产率、早产率升高。因此应加强对高龄孕产妇的围产期保健管理，预防妊娠并发症及合并症。合理控制剖宫产率，确保母婴安全与健康。

Pregnancy outcomes of women aged 35 or older registered in Haidian District of Beijing

Objective To study the pregnancy outcomes of women aged 35 or older registered in Haidian District of Beijing and their influence on delivery. Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on pregnancy complication, complications, mode of delivery and neonatal outcomes of 198 women aged 35 or older, and the results were compared with those of 1 691 women under the age of 35. Results The incidence of gestational diabetes mellitus （GDM） and pregnancy complicating with gynecological tumor in the study group was 8.1% and 2.5% , respectively, which was significantly higher than that of the control group （3.6% and 0.9% ） （X2 value was 9. 072 and 4. 541, respectively, both P 〈0.05）. The rate of cesarean delivery in the study group （70.2%） was significantly higher than that of the control group （40.0%） （X2 = 65. 736, P 〈 0.05 ）. The median birth weight of newborns （3 250g） in the study group was significantly lower than the control group （3 370g） （z = -2. 127, P 〈0.05）. There were 5.6% preterm newborns in the study group, which were more than the control group （X2 = 4. 759, P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusion The incidence of pregnancy complications and the rate of cesarean section and preterm birth are higher in women aged 35 or older. Perinatal care should be strengthened for these pregnant women, and pregnancy complications should be prevented. The rate of cesarean section needs to be control reasonably so as to ensure maternal and fetal safety and health.