Efficacy of hypocaloric parenteral nutrition for surgical patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis |
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Authors: | Jiang Hua Sun Ming-Wei Hefright Brook Chen Wei Lu Charles Damien Zeng Jun |
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Institution: | aDepartment of Trauma Surgery, East Branch, Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, Sichuan Academy of Medical Sciences, No.585, Da Mian Hong He Bei Lu, Long Quan District, Chengdu 610110, PR China;bDepartment of General Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China;cDepartment of Linguistics, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 1220, USA;dDepartment of Parenteral and Enteral Nutrition, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, PR China |
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Abstract: | Background and aimsHypocaloric parenteral nutrition is an underfeeding strategy that lowers energy intake to around 20 kcal/kg/d. It is believed to achieve benefits by modulating metabolic responses and alleviating hyperglycemia. This study aims to systematically review the clinical efficacy of hypocaloric parenteral nutrition on surgical patients.MethodsMedline, SCI, Embase, Cochrane Library, Chinese Biomedicine Database (CBM) and China Knowledge Resource Integrated Database (CNKI) were searched for studies published before July 1, 2010. Randomized control trials (RCTs) that compared hypocaloric PN with standard or higher energy PN in surgical patients were identified and included. Methodological quality assessment was based on Cochrane Reviewers’ Handbook and modified Jadad’s Score Scale. Statistical software RevMan 5.0 was used for meta-analysis.ResultsFive trials met all inclusion criteria and were included in the final meta-analysis. There were significant reductions in infectious complications (RR, 0.60; 95%CI 0.39–0.91, P = 0.02; I2 = 38%) and length of hospitalization (LOS) associated with receiving hypocaloric PN (MD-2.49 days, 95%CI −3.88 to −1.11, P = 0.0004; I2 = 48%). Stratified analysis of the smaller trials (<60) and larger trials demonstrated that the heterogeneity between trials was mainly associated with sample size. When smaller trials were excluded, hypocaloric PN was associated with reduction in infectious complications (RR, 0.21, 95%CI 0.06–0.72, P = 0.01, I2 = 0%) and shortening of LOS (MD, −2.32 days, 95%CI −3.72 to −0.93, P = 0.001, I2 = 0%).ConclusionHypocaloric parenteral nutrition may reduce infectious complications and the length of hospitalization in post-operative patients. However, this conclusion is tentative due to patient type and sample size. Furthermore, in terms of hypocaloric PN, the actual energy amount still varies a great deal (from 15 kcal/kg/d to 20 kcal/kg/d). This suggests that further research, including larger randomized clinical trials is required. |
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Keywords: | Hypocaloric parenteral nutrition Permissive underfeeding Surgery Outcomes Systematic review Meta-analysis |
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