消除麻疹国内外研究进展

麻疹是由麻疹病毒引起的一种传染性极强的呼吸道传染病,从1989年世界卫生大会首次提出全球控制和消除麻疹的目标以来,世界各国在消除麻疹工作中不断探索,经过多年来的不懈努力和经验总结,世界卫生组织(WHO)各区主要采取了以开展加强免疫和监测的策略来消除麻疹,具体措施主要包括提高麻疹类疫苗的常规免疫接种率、开展高质量的初始和后续免疫、建立敏感的麻疹病例监测运转系统等方法,在控制麻疹发病率和降低死亡率方面取得巨大进步。本文主要通过介绍国内外消除麻疹的经验与进展情况,为今后海南省制定科学合理的消除麻疹策略与措施提供依据。

Research progress on measles elimination

Measles is a highly infectious respiratory disease caused by measles virus. The goal of global control and elimination of measles has been first put forward and implemented by the World Health Organization (WHO) since 1989. Therefore, many countries have been exploring the ways for eliminating measles in the world. So far, the better developed strategies for eliminating measles is to strengthen immunization and case reports after years of unremitting efforts and practical experience summary in different regions of the world. Specific measures from WHO includes improving the routine immunization coverage of measles vaccine, developing high-quality high initial and follow-up immunization and establishing a sensitive measles case surveillance system, and so on. Those positive and effective strategies contributed great progress in controlling the incidence and reducing the mortality of measles. This paper is mainly to introduce the experiences and progress of measles elimination worldwide, and provides the basis information for developing local scientific strategies and controlling measures on measles elimination in Hainan Province, P.R.C.