黄热病的再流行与世界卫生组织的消除黄热病流行战略

近年来,蚊虫传播的黄热病在非洲和南美洲地区大面积“再流行”,仅南美洲的巴西在一年时间就发现数千例黄热病确诊病例,黄热病已经在非洲和南美洲地区造成巨大的公共卫生负担。此外,在黄热病非流行国家和地区发现大量输入性病例,使得黄热病有可能在非洲和南美洲以外的地区成为“新发传染病”而在世界更大范围流行。为此,世界卫生组织制定了“消除黄热病流行（EYE）”战略,预计利用10年时间在黄热病流行地区接种13.8亿剂量黄热疫苗,以降低黄热病对国际公共卫生健康的危害。

The re-emergence of yellow fever and the EYE strategy by WHO

In recent years, mosquito-borne yellow fever has been re-emerging in Africa and South America, and thousands of confirmed cases of yellow fever have been found in Brazil in a year. Yellow fever has created a huge public health burden in Africa and South America. In addition, a large number of imported cases have been found in non-epidemic countries and regions, making yellow fever likely to become an " Emerging infectious disease" outside Africa and South America. So the World Health Organization has developed a strategy of "Eliminating Yellow Fever Epidemics (EYE)". It is expected that 1.38 billion doses of yellow fever vaccine will be vaccinated in yellow fever epidemic areas for 10 years to reduce the impact of yellow fever to international public health.