鼠疫菌pMT1质粒的序列分析研究进展

鼠疫是由鼠疫耶尔森菌(简称鼠疫菌)引起的烈性传染病。鼠疫菌质粒是鼠疫菌染色体外的遗传物质,3种常规质粒中,p MT1质粒序列变化最大,结构组成最复杂,目前对其研究相对较少。应用BLAST和Mauve软件对已有36株菌株的pMT1质粒序列比对,对鼠疫菌pMT1质粒的序列特征、基因及其功能研究分析。结果显示基因模块存在较大重排,模块排列存在较大差异,同一生物型有可能差异较大,不同生物型也有模块相似,但同一生物型较不同生物型差异相对较小;插入序列数及位置不同,部分菌株pMT1质粒序列上的毒力基因存在基因突变;一些菌株的pMT1质粒序列中含有其他菌株没有的特殊基因,以及其他功能尚不清楚的基因。对鼠疫菌pMT1质粒的序列分析研究,可以增进对鼠疫流行的认识,对疫苗开发及制定合理的防治对策具有重要意义。

Research progress on the sequence analysis of pMT1 plasmid of Yersinia pestis

Plague is a fulminating infectious disease caused by Yersinia pestis (Y. pestis). The plasmids are extrachromosomal genetic materials of Y. pestis. Among the three common plasmids, pMT1 has the greatest sequence variation and the most complex structure composition. At present, there are relatively few research on pMT1. BLAST and Mauve software were used to compare the pMT1 plasmid sequences of 36 strains, and the sequence characteristics, genes and functions of Y. pestis pMT1 plasmids were analyzed. The results showed that there were large rearrangements of gene modules and large differences in module arrangement. The same biotype had large differences, and different biotypes also had similar modules, but the difference of same biotype were relatively small. The number and positions of insertion sequences were different, some strains had mutations in the virulence gene of the pMT1 plasmid sequence; some strains contained special genes that not found in other strains, and other genes whose functions were still unclear. Sequence analysis of the pMT1 plasmid of Y. pestis can enhance the understanding of the plague epidemic, which has great significance for the development of plague vaccine and formulation reasonable plague prevention and control measures.