安徽省六安市家禽家畜粪便中小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌的病原学研究

目的 通过对安徽省六安市家禽家畜粪便中小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌的病原学研究及流行病学分析,了解六安市家禽家畜感染的小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌的病原学特性和分布规律,为在六安市开展该菌的防控提供科学依据。方法 2015—2018年采集猪、狗、鸭、鹅等动物的粪便663份,进行小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌分离培养,对分离得到的菌株进行生化鉴定、血清型分型以及毒力基因等检测。结果 本项研究监测的663份家禽家畜粪便中,小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌总检出率为12.22%,其中猪粪的检出率最高,为23.49%,其他家禽家畜粪便中均有该菌的检出;猪粪的检出率与总检出率相比差异有统计学意义（P<0.01）,而各种粪便在各年度之间检出率差异无统计学意义;在致病性菌株中猪粪检出株占总致病性菌株的95.83%;致病性血清型主要为O:3型;致病性菌株毒力基因分布主要为基因Ⅲ型,基因Ⅲ型占总致病性基因型菌株的91.67%。结论 小肠结肠炎耶尔森菌在六安市家禽家畜粪便中普遍存在,该菌在家猪粪便的检出率最高,且致病性菌株携带率最高,致病性血清型为O:3型和O:9型。

Epidemiological characters of Yersinia enterocolitica in poultry and livestock feces in Lu′an,Anhui

Objective Through the etiological study and epidemiological analysis of Yersinia enterocolitica in poultry and livestock feces in Lu^′an City, Anhui Province, the pathogenic characteristics and distribution of Yersinia enterocolitica were understood, which provided the basis for the prevention and control of Yersinia enterocolitica. Methods In 2015-2018, 663 feces of pigs, dogs, ducks and geese were collected for isolation and culture, and the isolated strains were tested for biochemical identification, serotype typing and virulence genes. Results Among 663 poultry and livestock feces monitored in this study, the total detection rate of Yersinia enterocolitica in poultry and livestock feces was 12.22%. The highest detection rate of swine feces was 23.49%. Yersinia enterocolitica was detected in other poultry and livestock feces. The detection rate of pig manure was significantly different from the total detection rate（P<0.01）. The detection rate of all kinds of feces in each year had no significant difference. Among the pathogenic strains, 95.83% of the total pathogenic strains were detected in pig manure, and the pathogenic serotype was mainly O:3. The virulence genes of pathogenic strains were mainly genotype III, accounted for 91.67% of the total pathogenic genotypes strains. Conclusion Yersinia enterocolitica is ubiquitous in poultry and livestock feces in this area. The detection rate of Yersinia enterocolitica is the highest in pigs, and the carrying rate of pathogenic strains is the highest. The pathogenic serotypes are O:3 and O:9.