肺结核患者并发肺部感染的相关危险因素调查

目的探讨肺结核患者并发肺部感染的特点及其相关危险因素。方法对276例确诊的肺结核患者进行调查,依据是否发生肺部感染分为感染组(50例)和未感染组(226例);单因素比较采用χ^2检验,多因素分析采用非条件Logistic回归法,筛选影响肺结核并发肺部感染的相关危险因素。结果肺结核患者并发肺部感染的发生率为18.1%(50/276),且以真菌感染为主;多因素分析显示,影响肺结核并发肺部感染的危险因素包括糖尿病(OR=3.550)、空洞肺结核(OR=3.114)、肺结核复治(OR=4.204)、长期使用广谱抗生素(OR=3.762)、长期使用糖皮质激素(OR=2.298)、血清白蛋白(OR=2.983)、侵入性操作(OR=5.376)等。结论肺结核患者住院期间容易并发肺部感染,且以真菌感染为主;应充分考虑并发肺部感染的高危因素,早期采取预防措施,降低肺部感染发生率,改善患者预后。

Investigation and analysis of risk factors associated with pulmonary infection in tuberculosis patients

Objective To investigate the characteristics and risk factors of pulmonary infection in tuberculosis patients. Methods A total of 276 patients with tuberculosis were investigated, which were divided into the infection group (50 cases) and non-infection group (226 cases). The single factor was compared with the other, and the non-conditional logistic regression method was used to screen the related risk factors of pulmonary infection associated with tuberculosis. Results The incidence of pulmonary infection in tuberculosis patients was 18.1% (50/276), and fungal infection was the main cause. Multifactorial analysis showed that risk factors for pulmonary infection associated with tuberculosis include diabetes (OR=3.550), empty tuberculosis (OR=3.114), tuberculosis rehabilitation (OR=4.204), long-term use of broad-spectrum antibiotics (OR=3.762), long-term use of glucocorticoids (OR=2.298) , serum albumin (OR=2.983), invasive operation (OR=5.376) and so on. Conclusion Tuberculosis patients are prone to concurrent pulmonary infection during hospitalization, mainly fungal infection. The risk factors of concurrent pulmonary infection should be fully considered, and early preventive measures should be taken to reduce the incidence of pulmonary infection and improve the patient's prognosis.