云南省四川盆地生态区人体重点寄生虫病感染调查

目的 了解云南省内四川盆地生态区寄生虫病的流行现状和危害程度。方法 采用分层整群随机抽样方法选取云南省内四川盆地生态区5个调查点,按照《全国人体重点寄生虫病现状调查实施细则》开展人体寄生虫感染、个人饮食卫生习惯等调查,并运用Epi Info和SPSS 22.0对数据进行录入、整理和分析。结果 此次云南省四川盆地生态区共调查1 264名居民,受检率为81.8%,其中205人感染人体重点寄生虫,感染率16.22%,感染虫种主要有蛔虫、钩虫、鞭虫和人芽囊原虫。主要以轻度感染（87.33%）和单一感染（83.41%）为主。中老年农民人群中钩虫感染率较高,并在两个调查县中感染率存在差异;钩蚴培养结果显示主要为美洲钩虫感染,仅发现2人同时感染美洲钩虫和十二指肠钩虫。学龄前儿童和学生中蛔虫、鞭虫和原虫感染率较高。各虫种感染率在性别和民族分布上未见统计学差异。文化程度的不同感染率存在差异。人群中土源性线虫防治知识知晓率较低（54.79%）,人体寄生虫感染率与卫生习惯情况调查发现,使用新鲜粪便施肥和赤脚下地劳动增加了感染钩虫的风险。结论 云南省内四川盆地生态区人体重点寄生虫总感染率与全省相近,建议加强防治相关知识和良好生活习惯的宣传教育,提高群众防病意识,可以针对不同人群、不同虫种感染特点采取相对应措施进行防控。

Infectious status of human parasites in ecological area of Sichuan basin,Yunnan

Objective To understand the prevalence and degree of parasitic diseases in ecological areas of Sichuan basin in Yunnan Province. Methods Stratified cluster random sampling method was adopted to select 5 investigation points in the ecological area of Sichuan basin in Yunnan Province. In accordance to the Implementation of the Investigation on the Current Situation of Key Parasitic Diseases in Human Body in China, investigations on human parasitic infection and personal dietary hygiene habits were carried out. Epi Info and SPSS 22.0 were used to input, sort out and analyze the data. Results Totally 1 264 residents were surveyed in the ecological area of Sichuan basin in Yunnan Province, and the detection rate was 81.8%, 205 of them were infected with key human parasites, with an infection rate of 16.22%. The infected species mainly include roundworm, hookworm, whipworm and Blastocystis hominis. Mild infection (87.33%) and single infection (83.41%) were the main causes. The infection rate of hookworm was higher among middle-aged and elderly farmers, and there were differences between the two counties. The results showed that the hookworm larvae were mainly infected with Necator americanus, only 2 people were found to be infected with Ancylostoma duodenale and Necator americanus. Roundworm, whipworm and protozoa infection rates were higher in preschoolers and students. There was no statistical difference in the gender and ethnic distribution of the infection rate of human parasites. There was a difference in the infection rate of different educational levels. The knowledge rate of soil-borne nematode control in the population was low (54.79%). A survey of human parasitic infection rates and hygiene habit found that fresh manure fertilization and work barefoot increased the risk of hookworm infection. Conclusion The total infection rate of human parasites in the ecological area of Sichuan basin in Yunnan Province is similar to that of the whole province. It is suggested to strengthen the propaganda of relevant knowledge of prevention and treatment and good living habits education, so as to improve the public awareness of disease prevention. Corresponding measures can be taken to prevent and control different populations and insect species.