江西省X射线摄影受检者入射体表剂量调查

目的 调查2017年度江西省X射线摄影所致受检者的入射体表剂量水平，阐述江西省X射线诊断的医疗照射现状。方法 随机选取南昌市、上饶市、赣州市、萍乡市、宜春市和九江市共6个地级市不同级别的20家医院，利用热释光剂量计测定1 273人次受检者不同照射部位的ESD值。结果 2017年江西省CR和DR摄影所致受检者的ESD范围分别为0.08~17.81 mGy和0.04~30.91 mGy，胸部正位和侧位、腰椎正位和侧位、颈椎正位和侧位、骨盆及髋关节的X射线摄影检查所致受检者的ESD值的范围分别为0.07~2.40 mGy、0.13~7.27 mGy、0.33~23.29 mGy、0.62~30.91 mGy、0.09~1.69 mGy、0.10~1.79 mGy、0.29~23.46 mGy。结论 江西省胸部侧位X射线摄影所致受检者的入射体表剂量75%百分位值超过医疗照射指导水平，部分照射部位ESD值较全国"九五"期间调查值有显著下降，DR摄影所致受检者剂量比CR高，应采取措施降低DR摄影所致受检者的辐射剂量。

Survey on incident surface doses to adult patients from radiography examination in Jiangxi

Objective To investigate the incident body surface dose level of subjects caused by X-ray examinations in Jiangxi province in 2017, and to elaborate the current situation of medical radiation of X-ray diagnosis in Jiangxi province. Methods 20 hospitals were randomly selected from 6 prefecture-level cities, Nanchang、Shangrao、Ganzhou、Pingxiang、Yichun and Jiujiang to measure ESD values of different irradiation sites of 1 273 examined individuals by using thermonoluminescence dosimeters. Results In 2017, the ESD values range of subjects caused by computer X-ray photography (CR) and digital X-ray photography (DR) in Jiangxi province was 0.08~17.81 mGy and 0.04~30.91 mGy, respectively. The entrance surface doses to adult patients from X-ray examinations were 0.07~2.40 mGy for chest AP,0.13~7.27 mGy for chest LAT,0.33~23.29 mGy for lumbar spine AP, 0.62~30.91 mGy for lumbar spine LAT,0.09~1.69 mGy for cervical spine AP,0.10~1.79 for cervical spine LAT,0.29~23.46 mGy for pelvic and hip joint, respectively. Conclusion 75% percentile of ESD to chest LAT was higher than the guidance levels of medical radiation exposure. The ESD values of some exposed parts decreased significantly compared with the survey during the 9th National Five-Year Plan period. The ESD values caused by DR photography is higher than CR, and measures should be taken to reduce the radiation dose of subjects caused by DR photography.