医护人员围绝经期情况调查

目的了解北京大学人民医院女性医护人员的围绝经期相关情况及自我认知。方法选取于2012年7月在北京大学人民医院行常规体检的女性职工共596位,年龄在40~60岁之间,以问卷形式调查其围绝经期月经状况、围绝经期症状发生程度以及对围绝经期的自我认知。结果①本次收回有效问卷557份。被调查者平均年龄（46.3±3.7）岁,其中已绝经者63人,自然绝经者45人,平均自然绝经年龄（47.7±4.7）岁;手术绝经（切除卵巢者）10人;药物绝经2人。从出现月经紊乱到绝经平均（1.6±1.5）年;②557名职工中,出现围绝经期相关症状者331人,其中对于更年期症状可治疗表示＂完全知道＂者45（13.6%）;对围绝经期症状＂知道一些＂的281人（84.9%）,表示＂完全不了解＂者5人（1.5%）。绝经远期危害中,知道＂骨质疏松＂者291人（52.2%）,知道＂心脑血管疾病＂者170人（30.5%）,知道＂阿尔兹海默症＂者59人（10.6%）,知道＂反复泌尿系感染＂者162人（29.1%）。所有受调查者中正在使用药物治疗围绝经期症状者69人（12.4%）,其中33人使用性激素类药物治疗（5.9%）,39人使用中药类药物治疗（7.0%）,其中3人两者均用（0.5%）;③557例中有围绝经期症状者331人,占59.4%,平均Kupperman绝经指数为11.9分（量表最高63分）。331人中有症状但未绝经者291人,平均绝经指数为11.1分;有症状且已经绝经者40人,绝经指数为16.5分。在有围绝经期症状的人群中,各项症状发生率从19.9%~77.6%不等。大多数发作者症状为轻至中度,重度者仅占0.6%~3.3%。结论女性医护人员围绝经期状况应引起重视。从事医疗行业女性对围绝经期的自我认知优于一般妇女群体,寻求药物治疗控制围绝经期症状的人群比例也高于一般妇女人群,但仍需加强相关知识的宣传和普及。

Survey of knowledge about menopause by medical staff

Objective To investigate the perimenopausal symptoms and attitude toward menopause in female medical staffs in Peking University People’s Hospital.Methods Data were collected from 596 female doctors and nurses aged 40 to 60 years old who took part in routine health examination in July,2012.Questionnaires were completed voluntarily, including questions about perimenopausal menstruation,perimenopausal symptoms and knowledge about menopause.Results 1.557 eligible questionnaires were collected.The average age was（46.3±3.7）years old.63 persons were postmenopausal and the average natural menopause age was（47.7±4.7）years old.2.Among the 557 participants,331had perimenopausal symptoms.As for the knowledge of menopausal impacts,291 of them（52.2%）chose osteoporosis,170（30.5%）chose cardiovascular diseases,59（10.6%）chose the Alzheimer’s Disease and 162（29.1%）knew about recurrent urinary tract infection.69 of them took medication for perimenopausal symptoms,among them 33 using hormones, 39 using traditional Chinese medication and 3 using both.The average Kupperman Index among the symptomatic women was 11.1.Conclusion The awareness and use of hormone therapy of PKUPH female medical staff are higher than average Chinese women but more education and promotion is needed.