安徽省地方性砷中毒病区调查

目的了解安徽省是否存在水源性高砷区及地方性砷中毒区,为地方性砷中毒防治提供依据。方法根据安徽省生活饮用水质抽样普查工作的结果,选定天长市、五河县、砀山县为地方性砷中毒重点调查县。采取分阶段随机抽样方法,每县随机选取15个调查点(自然村)调查水砷含量。对饮水水砷含量超标的调查点进行砷中毒病情现场调查,调查居民超标水井饮用年限、皮肤角化、皮肤脱色、皮肤色沉情况,并检测其家中饮用水水砷、水氟含量及尿砷等。结果共计检测水砷450份,其中15份水砷超标(>0.05mg/L)。对水砷超标较高的五河县临北乡官塘铺行政村宣滩自然村调查,初步诊断发现地方性砷中毒可疑14人,轻度5人。结论安徽省境内发现水源性高砷区和地方性砷中毒病区存在。并发现有疑似及轻度病人存在。在发现高砷区中不存在高氟水源和地氟病病区。应尽快在高砷区开展改水降砷及地方性砷中毒的监测工作。

Investigation of Endemic Arsenism in areas Anhui Province of China

Objective To investigate whether high-arsenic area and endemic arsenism area exist in Anhui province in China.Methods Tianchang,Wuhe and Dangshan County were selected for survey.By multi-stage random sampling,fifteen surveying spots(natural village) in each county were selected to measure arsenic content in drinking water.In some villages where arsenic content exceeded national standard,the resident's history of drinking,the diagnosis of pyperkeratosis,hyperpigmentation,hypopigmenation were investigated and their water fluoride and urinary arsenic were measured at same time.Results 450 samples of water arsenic were tested.15 samples exceeded national standard.By further screening,in the serious surpassing standard of water arsenic place,Xuantang village,Linbei town,Wuhe County,14 suspected and 5 mild arsenism patients had been found.Conclusions High-arsenic area and endemic arsenism area were found in Anhui province for the first time.The coexistent area of fluorosis and arsenism were not co-existed in Anhui province.The step to de-arsenic and monitor endemic arsenism should be put into action immediately.