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Effect of smoking on concentrations of receptor activator of nuclear factor κ B ligand and osteoprotegerin in human gingival crevicular fluid |
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| Authors: | Teck H. Tang Tracy R. Fitzsimmons P. Mark Bartold |
| Affiliation: | School of Dentistry, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia;;Centre for Orofacial Research And Learning, Colgate Australia Clinical Dental Research Centre, School of Dentistry, Adelaide Dental Hospital, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia |
| Abstract: | Aim: To compare the levels of the soluble receptor activator of nuclear factor κ B ligand (sRANKL), osteoprotegerin (OPG) and their relative ratio in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) among periodontitis patients with varying smoking histories. Material and Methods: GCF samples were collected from 149 periodontitis patients who were never smokers ( n =58), former smokers ( n =39) and current smokers ( n =52). sRANKL and OPG concentrations in GCF were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. Results: sRANKL, OPG and their relative ratio were not statistically significant among the never smokers, former smokers and current smokers. However, OPG was significantly reduced and subsequently the sRANKL:OPG ratio was significantly increased in the high pack-years group as compared with never smokers. The positive correlation between pack-years and the sRANKL:OPG ratio remained statistically significant after adjusting for age and current smoking status. Conclusion: Increased lifetime exposure to cigarette smoking above a minimum threshold suppresses OPG production and leads to increased sRANKL:OPG. This may partially explain increased bone loss in smoking-related periodontitis. |
| Keywords: | gingival crevicular fluid OPG RANKL smoking |