1,2-二氯乙烷及其主要代谢产物对离体神经细胞的毒性研究

目的：探讨1，2－二氯乙烷（1，2－DCE）对培养神经细胞的毒性作用及致脑水肿的机制。方法：首先培养神经细胞，分别用1，2－DCE，2－氯乙醛，2－氯乙醇对生长良好的神经细胞进行处理，然后做相应的组织学观察和生化检测。结果：1，2－DCE和2－氯乙醛对神经细胞影响甚微，细胞在学上未见明显的变化；用2－氯乙醇处理过的神经细胞出现不同程度的变大，肿胀；Ca^2 -Mg^2 -ATP酶活性显著降低，最高剂量组与各组相比差异有显著性（P＜0．05）。结论：1，2－DCE的急性神经毒性主要是引起神经细胞水肿，2－氯乙醇可以引起ATP酶活性下降继而引起“Ca^2 超越”，可能是引起脑水肿的最主要物质。

Study on the Toxicity of 1,2-Dichloroethane and Its Metabolic Product on Neurons in Vitro

In order to study the mechanism of brain edema caused by 1,2 dichloroethane(1,2 DCE). Neurons and neuroglia cells were cultured and treated with 1,2 DCE and its metabolic products(2 chloroacetaldehyde and 2 chloroethanol ). The morphology and biochemical change were observed. The results showed that there was no obvious morphological change when cultured cells were treated with 1,2 DCE and 2 chloroacetaldehyde. There was significant morphological and biochemical change in the cultured cells treated with 2 chloroethanol,the cells obviously swelled and the activities of Ca 2 Mg 2 ATPase decreased significantly ( P <0 05) compared with the control group. Conclusion] The study suggests that 1,2 DCE caused brain edema as its acute toxic effect. 2 chloroethanol could result in decrease in ATPase activity and Ca 2 overload. The 2 chloroethanol may be a possible cause in brain edema induced by 1,2 DCE.