滇重楼根茎品质与根际土壤因子的相关性分析

目的 探明野生与移栽滇重楼Paris polyphylla var.yunnanensis根际土壤中基本养分、土壤酶活性与根茎品质的关系，筛选影响滇重楼活性成分的主导土壤因子，为滇重楼合理施肥提供参考依据。方法 以采自云贵川33个样点的滇重楼为材料，测定了其根茎品质指标以及生长土壤基本养分含量和土壤酶活性；分析了根茎品质指标与土壤因子的相关性，并采用逐步回归分析方法筛选出影响滇重楼根茎品质的主要土壤因子。结果 滇重楼野生品和移栽品在总皂苷、总多糖、总黄酮含量上具有一定的差异，药材品质具有一定的地域性。所有滇重楼根际土壤样品的酸碱度适中，基本养分充足、含量丰富，土壤酶活性高，适宜于滇重楼的生长发育，野生地土壤肥力质量优于移栽地。野生滇重楼根茎总皂苷与多酚氧化酶活性呈现出极显著正相关，总黄酮与pH值、脲酶活性呈极显著负相关关系。移栽滇重楼根茎总皂苷与速效钾含量呈现出显著负相关，总黄酮与蔗糖酶活性呈显著正相关关系，总多糖与碱性磷酸酶活性呈显著正相关。结论 滇重楼品质主要受到土壤因子综合影响，在滇重楼野外就地保护或人工栽培过程中，注意根据实际情况增减土壤各养分的含量及其比例关系。

Correlation analysis between rhizome quality and rhizosphere soil factors of Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis

Objective To investigate the relationship between basic nutrient, the activity of soil enzyme and the quality of rhizome in the rhizosphere soil of wild and transplanted Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis, and select the primal soil factors affecting the active components of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis, and provide the reference for the rational fertilization of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis. Methods A total of 33 samples of rhizome and soil collected from P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis in Yunnan, Guizhou and Sichuan were used as materials. The basic nutrient, the activity of soil enzyme and the quality of rhizome of the samples were measured. On this basis, the correlation between the quality of rhizome and soil factor was analyzed. The primal soil factors affecting the quality of rhizome of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis were also selected by using the method of stepwise regression analysis. Results There were some differences in the contents of the total saponins, the total polysaccharides and the total flavonoids between the samples of wild and transplanted P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis, and there were also regional characteristics in quality between them. In all the rhizosphere soil samples of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis, the pH of the soil was moderate, the basic nutrient was sufficient and rich, and the activity of soil enzyme was high, which were suitable for the growth and development of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis. And the soil fertility quality of the wild P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis was better than the transplanted. The content of total saponins in the wild P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis was significantly positively correlated with the activity of polyphenol oxidase, and the content of total polysaccharides was significantly negatively correlated with the pH of the rhizosphere soil and the activity of urease. The content of total saponins in the transplanted P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis was negatively correlated with the content of available potassium in rhizosphere soil, the content of total flavonoids was significantly positively correlated with the activity of sucrase, and the content of total polysaccharides was significantly positively correlated with the activity of alkaline phosphatase. Conclusion Based on the traditional evaluation, the quality of the transplanted P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis samples is equal to the wild samples, they can be used as the same in the market. The quality of P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis is mainly affected by the soil factors. In the process of protecting wild P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis and cultivating P. polyphylla var. yunnanensis, it is need to be careful to increase and decrease the content and the ratio of soil nutrient according to the actual conditions.