医院感染监测与控制

[目的]了解医院感染发生现况,为医院感染的控制与管理提供科学依据. [方法]采用回顾性调查方法,对2009年1～12月住院患者进行全面综合性监测. [结果] (1)医院感染发病率为3.9％,漏报率为3.0％. (2)医院感染重点发病科室为ICU、精神科和内科. (3)医院感染部位以上呼吸道、下呼吸道、消化道和泌尿道为主.(4)医院感染的病原菌主要是条件致病菌,依次为铜绿假单胞菌、真菌、肺炎克雷佰杆菌、大肠杆菌、阴沟肠杆菌、产气肠杆菌、肠球菌等. (5)抗菌素总的使用率为77.61％,使用率较高的科室有ICU、新生儿、儿科、产科、外科,均超过医院感染管理规范规定的≤50％的范围,三联以上抗菌素使用较高的科室有ICU、骨科、综合内科、普外科和妇科等. [结论]应加强重点科室和高发部位医院感染的管理,规范化使用抗菌药物,针对医院感染发生的相关环节采取相应措施,从而有效地降低医院感染的发生.

SURVEILLANCE AND CONTROL ON NOSOCOMIAL INFECTION

[Objective]To investigate the incidence of nosocomial infection(NI)in our hospital,analyze the related factors,and provide theoretical basis for between prevention and control of NI.[Methods]The inpatients in our hospital from Jan 2009 to Dec 2009 were retrospectively analyzed.[Results](1)The nosocomial infection rate in hospital was 3.9%,and the miss rate was 3.0%.(2)Most of the patients were in ICU,psychiatric department and internal department.(3)The main nosocomial infection sites were upper respiratory...