Epidemiology and phylogenetic analysis of VP7 and VP4 genes of rotaviruses circulating in Rawalpindi,Pakistan during 2010 |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Microbiology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan;2. Laboratory of Clinical and Epidemiological Virology, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Rega Institute for Medical Research, University of Leuven, Leuven, Belgium;3. Department of Virology, National Institute of Health, Islamabad, Pakistan;1. Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy;2. Fondazione Dani Di Giò–Onlus, Italy;1. Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy;2. Department of Medical, Oral and Biotechnological Sciences, ‘G. D’Annunzio’ University of Chieti, Chieti, Italy;1. Institute Pasteur Italia, Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti, Department of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy;2. San Raffaele Pisana IRCCS, Telematic University, Rome, Italy;1. Department of Neonatology (DS, SM, TPO), Department of Microbiology (TD), Fernandez Hospital, Hyderguda, Hyderabad - 500 029, Telangana, India;1. Gastroenteritis and Respiratory Viruses Laboratory Branch, Division of Viral Diseases, NCIRD, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA;2. Public Health Laboratory, Ministry of Health, Barbados;3. Caribbean Public Health Agency (CARPHA), Port of Spain, Trinidad and Tobago;4. Pan American Health Organization, Washington, DC, USA;1. National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Vietnam;2. Pasteur Institute in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam;3. Pasteur Institute of Nha Trang, Vietnam;4. WHO Representative Office, Vietnam;5. Global Immunization Division, Centers for Diesease Control and Prevention, USA;6. Expanded Programme on Immunization, Division of Communicable Diseases, Western Pacific Regional Office, Manila, Philippines;1. Division of Viral Diseases, National Center for Immunization and Respiratory Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA;2. The J. Craig Venter Institute, Rockville, MD, USA;1. Center for Research, Diagnostics and Vaccine Development, Centers for Disease Control, Taipei, Taiwan;2. Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan;3. Institute for Veterinary Medical Research, Centre for Agricultural Research, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary;4. Division of Viral Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA;5. Department of Pediatrics, Chang Gung Children’s Hospital, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, College of Medicine, Taoyuan, Taiwan;6. Division of Pediatric Infectious Disease and Department of Laboratory Medicine, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan;7. Department of Pediatrics, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, Taiwan;8. Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Zhunan, Taiwan;9. AIDS Prevention and Research Center, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan |
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| Abstract: | Human group A rotaviruses (RVAs) possess a large genetic diversity and new RVA strains and G/P genotype combinations are been identified frequently. Only a few studies reporting the distribution and co-circulation of RVA G and P genotypes are available for Pakistan. This hospital based study showed a RVA prevalence rate of 23.8%, which is similar to RVA detection rates estimated in other Eastern Mediterranean countries. During 2010, the following RVA strains were found to co-circulate: G1P8] and G2P4] (both 24.3%), G1P6] (12.1%), G9P8] (10.8%), G9P6] (5.4%), G12P6] (6.7%), G6P1] (2.7%) and mixed infections (6.7%). Sequence analyses of selected G1, G2, G9 and G12 RVA strains revealed a close evolutionary relationship with typical human RVA strains. Sequence identities among the Pakistani VP7 RVA genes encoding G1, G2, G9 and G12 ranged between 91.5–98.7%, 99.6–98.9%, 97.7–99.5% and 99.2–99.9%, respectively. Analysis of the VP4 genes revealed co-prevalence of distinct lineages of the P8] genotype. P6] and P4] showed a close relationship with typical human RVA strains detected in several Asian countries. The two G6P1] RVA strains were closely related to typical bovine RVA strains, suggesting one or multiple interspecies transmission events. Our data provide important baseline data on the burden of RVA disease and genotype distribution in Rawalpindi, Pakistan, which is important with respect to vaccine introduction in national immunization programs. |
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| Keywords: | Group A rotavirus VP7 VP4 Genotype Phylogeny Diarrhea Pakistan |
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