三级综合医院69株沙门菌分布特征及耐药性分析

目的 了解新疆某三级综合医院沙门菌流行特点、菌型分布及抗菌药物耐药情况,为制定预防措施和指导临床合理用药提供依据.方法 收集2011-2013年新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院分离鉴定69株沙门菌血清分型结果,对其患者相关信息进行汇总分析.结果 沙门菌感染多发生于夏秋季,儿童为易感人群,维吾尔族感染患者人数占56.52%,较汉族(占43.48%)多,差异无统计学意义(χ2=0.977,P=0.323).本次调查中伤寒沙门菌(占50.72%)和猪霍乱沙门菌(占23.64%)为感染的主要菌型.沙门菌对氯霉素、亚胺培南、丁胺卡那、甲硝唑、红霉素较敏感,而对氨苄西林、左氧氟沙星耐药率高,分别达46.38%、39.13%.结论 临床应提高季节性沙门菌感染的病例监测,掌握沙门菌的细菌耐药变化特点,便于合理使用抗菌药物,减少耐药菌株的产生.

Drug resistance and distribution characteristics of Salmonella in a tertiary general hospital

Objective To investigate the epidemic characteristics, serotype distribution and antimicrobial resis-tance situation of Salmonella in a tertiary general hospital in Xinjiang, and to lay a basis for the development of preven-tive measures and clinical rational drug use. Methods The serotype results of 69 strains of Salmonella were collected in our hospital from 2011 to 2013, and the patient-related information were analyzed. Results Salmonella infection commonly occurred in summer and autumn, and often in children. The number of Uygur patients (accounting for 56.52%) was more than that of Han patients (43.48%), but the difference was not statistically significant (χ2=0.977, P=0.323). Salmonella typhi (50.72%) and Salmonella choleraesuis (23.64%) were the main types of strains detected. Sensitivi-ty test showed that Salmonella was sensitive to chloramphenicol, imipenem, amikacin, metronidazole and erythromycin, but resistant to ampicillin, levofloxacin, with the resistance rates up to 46.38%, 39.13%, respectively. Conclusion We should strengthen the seasonal monitoring of Salmonella infection, and analyze the resistance features of Salmonella, in order to use antibiotics reasonably and reduce resistance.