脱细胞基质制备方法及其在涎腺组织工程中的应用

背景:由脱细胞基质组成的生物支架被广泛应用于动物及临床研究,以修复和重建组织与器官,但所有的脱细胞方法都会在一定程度上破坏基质结构与功能。目的:综述脱细胞基质制备方法、优缺点及其在涎腺组织工程研究中的应用。方法:应用计算机检索CNKI数据库、中国生物医学文献数据库、PubMed数据库及Elsevier数据库2008至2019年发表的相关文献,检索词为“脱细胞基质,制备方法,涎腺,组织工程,再生;decellularization,preparation method,parotid gland tissue engineering”,共纳入74篇文献。结果与结论:大部分组织与器官脱细胞基质制备方法需要化学、生物(酶)、物理及以上几种方法联合使用,具体方法取决于组织与器官的厚度、组成和性质。虽然不是所有脱细胞方法均可去除组织与器官中的细胞成分,但完全去除细胞的组织与器官具有重塑组织特异性的优势,为接种细胞的增殖和分化提供有利的微环境。由于涎腺结构复杂和组织工程化在临床应用中的挑战,应用于患者的临床移植进展有限,该领域的体内研究仅限于动物,而基于颌下腺脱细胞基质生物支架材料方面的应用有望为涎腺组织工程提供有利的来源。

Preparation method of acellular matrix and its application in tissue engineering of parotid gland

BACKGROUND:Bioscaffolds composed of acellular matrix are widely used in animal and clinical research to repair and reconstruct tissues and organs,but all decellularization methods will destroy matrix structure and function to some extent.OBJECTIVE:To review the preparation methods,advantages and disadvantages of acellular matrix and its application in the study of parotid gland and other tissue engineering.METHODS:A computer-based search of CNKI,CBM,PubMed and Elsevier databases was performed to retrieve related articles published from 2008 to 2019.The search term were“decellular matrix,preparation method,parotid gland,tissue engineering,regeneration,decellularization,preparation method,parotid gland tissue engineering”in Chinese and English,respectively.Seventy-four eligible articles were included.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Acellular matrix preparation methods of most tissues and organs require chemical,biological(enzyme),physical methods and the their combination,which depend on the thickness,compositions and nature.Although not all decellularization methods can remove cellular components from tissues and organs,tissues and organs that completely remove cells have the advantage of remodeling tissue specificity,providing a favorable microenvironment for the proliferation and differentiation of inoculated cells.Due to the complex structure of the parotid gland and the challenges of tissue engineering in clinical applications,clinical transplantation in patients is limited.In vivo studies in this field are limited to animals,and applications based on submandibular gland acellular matrix bioscaffold materials are expected to be a favorable source of organizational parotid glands.