基于虚拟现实技术构建蒙医针刺手法的上肢仿真系统

背景:蒙医针刺手法的训练是蒙医针灸理论联系实际的一个重要步骤。目的:在虚拟环境中,建立表达不同上肢穴位蒙医针刺手法涉及的力学模型,以多层次展示蒙医上肢针灸穴位的针刺过程。方法:①由内蒙古医科大学蒙医药学院1名在职研究人员针对蒙医针刺疗法在前臂特定穴位的直刺法(垂直刺入皮肤)、斜刺法(倾斜45°刺入皮肤)、十字刺法(刺入皮肤后四方旋转)进行演示实验,使用ATP-IV型针刺信息采集系统的光学位置传感器和附带的记录软件,记录自行针开始10 s内的各个传感器数据;②扫描条件为电压9 V,电流250 mA,其余各项参数选择手法参数测定仪的默认值。将针刺手法参数测定仪的X、Y、Z轴采样信息分别绘制电压-时间关系图,参照文献记载建立针刺过程模型;③对蒙医针刺过程的建模进行生物力学分析;④研究方案的实施符合内蒙古医科大学的相关伦理要求。结果与结论:①通过ATP-IV针刺参数测定仪实际测定的直刺、斜刺手法模拟参数,可见在针尖接触到软组织表面后针受到的轴向力会迅速上升,在刺破软组织表皮后急剧下降,形成了落空感,并在此后由于软组织弹性和摩擦力的作用,针受到的阻力趋于平缓,与Okamura的生物力学实验结果基本一致;②相对于中医复杂的针刺手法,蒙医文献载述的针刺手法只有与手感结合的进针三步法和与穴位结合的8种针刺手法,具有操作简便、用具简单的特点。

Modeling of Mongolian acupuncture upper limb simulation system based on virtual reality techniques

BACKGROUND:Training for acupuncture manipulation is an important step from theory to clinical practice in Mongolian medicine.OBJECTIVE:To establish mechanical models related to different Mongolian acupuncture techniques of the upper limb acupoints in a virtual environment,and to demonstrate the Mongolian acupuncture process of upper limb acupoints at multiple levels.METHODS:A professional from the Mongolian Medical College of Inner Mongolia Medical University performed a demonstration for Mongolian acupuncture of the forearm acupoints via perpendicular insertion(needle insertion at a 90°angle to the skin),oblique insertion(needle insertion at a 45°angle to the skin),and cruciform insertion(needle rotation after insertion into the skin).Information was collected with ATP-IV acupuncture manipulation parameter tester within 10 seconds of acupuncture.The scanning conditions were voltage 9 V and current 250 mA,and the remaining parameters were set to the default value.The voltage-time diagram was plotted based on X,Y and Z axis sampling information,and the acupuncture process model was established as previously reported.Biomechanical analysis was performed on the modeling of the Mongolian acupuncture process.The implementation of the research program was in line with the relevant ethical requirements of Inner Mongolia Medical University.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The parameters of perpendicular,transverse,and cross-shaped insertion were measured by the ATP-IV acupuncture manipulation parameter tester.The axial force of the needle raised rapidly after the needle tip touched the soft tissue surface,and dropped sharply,accompanied by the sense of frustration,after piercing the soft tissue.Then the resistance of the needle tended to be flat due to the soft tissue elasticity and friction.These findings were basically consistent with the biomechanical results reported by Okamura.Compared with the complicated acupuncture manipulation of traditional Chinese medicine,the acupuncture methods described in the Mongolian medical literature,characterized by simple operation and simple appliance,only include one three-step acupuncture technique combined with hand feeling and eight acupuncture techniques combined with acupoints.