阿莫西林和哌拉西林抗菌活性的比较

比较阿莫西林和哌拉西林的体外和体内抗菌活性。体外试验采用琼脂二倍稀释法测定最低抑菌浓度(MIC);采用肉汤二倍稀释法测定最低杀菌浓度(MBC);活菌计数法绘制杀菌曲线(KCs);测定培养基pH值、细菌接种量、血清蛋白结合对阿莫西林和哌拉西林抗菌活性的影响;活菌计数法测定抗生素后效应(PAE);测定防耐药变异浓度(MPC)。体内试验采用小鼠的大肠埃希菌及金黄色葡萄球菌全身感染模型,静脉给药保护后测定药物的半数有效量(ED50);采用免疫低下小鼠大腿金黄色葡萄球菌感染模型,观察尾静脉给药24 h后的大腿肌肉感染菌量变化。结果:阿莫西林的MIC90高于哌拉西林,但血清蛋白结合的影响小于哌拉西林;阿莫西林和哌拉西林均对大肠埃希菌和金黄色葡萄球菌全身感染小鼠具有良好的保护作用,阿莫西林的ED50小于哌拉西林;阿莫西林对金黄色葡萄球菌大腿肌肉感染的免疫低下小鼠治疗效果优于哌拉西林。阿莫西林在体外抗菌作用次于哌拉西林,但体内抗菌作用优于哌拉西林。

Comparative study on Antibacterial Activity of Amoxicillin and Piperacillin

The antibacterial activities in vitro and in vivo of Amoxicillin and Piperacillin were compared.Minimal inhibitory concentrations(MIC) were determined by agar dilution method.Minimum bactericidal concentrations(MBC) were measured by broth dilution method.The time-killing curves(KCs) were drawn by viable count method.The influences of different media pH value,inoculum and serum concentrations on bactericidal activities were determined.Post antibiotic effects(PAE) were measured by viable count method.The muta...