地震重灾区中小学生卫生防病知识健康教育近期效果评估

目的评价在地震重灾区中小学生中开展卫生防病知识健康教育的效果,为灾区健康教育积累经验。方法在北川县擂鼓镇中心小学和初级中学利用学校广播在师生中宣传预防粪口、空气、接触途径传播的常见传染病等知识,并在小学四～六年级和初中一～三年级分别选取2个班级,每个班级随机抽取10名学生(有效人数共119人),在宣传前、后各进行1次问卷调查,分析健康教育的近期效果。结果开展健康教育前,119名学生的6个知识点的平均正确率为77.59%,4种防病意识的平均正确率为59.45%;经过健康教育,知识点的平均正确率为82.77%,防病意识的正确率为99.16%。健康教育前后卫生防病知识和防病意识正确率的差异均有统计学意义(P值均<0.01)。结论在震后灾区中小学生中开展健康教育活动,能有效提高学生卫生防病知识,增强卫生防病意识。

Near-term Effect of Health Education Among the Primary and Junior Middle School Students in Beichuan County After Earthquake

Objective To examine the effect of health education among the primary and middle school students in Sichuan Province after earthquake,and to provide evidence for the health education in disaster area.Methods The knowledge about preventing excrement-oral,air and infective diseases were diffused by means of broadcasting in the primary and junior middle schools in Beichuan county of Sichuan Province.Two classes were randomly selected from grade 4-9,and randomly selected 10 students from each class.A questionnaire survey was conducted before and after the broadcasting.Near-term effect of health education was analyzed.Results Before the heath education,the average right ratio of six knowledge points and four preventive attitude was 77.59% and 59.45%,which was increased to 82.77% and 99.16% after the education.Statistical significant difference were found in the knowledge and attitude(P<0.01).Conclusion Health education among the primary and middle school students is an effective measure to help them enhance the knowledge of preventing the common infective diseases.