乳儿维生素K依赖因子缺乏所致颅内出血(附七例报告)

本文报告我院近四年来收治乳儿因维生素K依赖因子缺乏所致颅内出血7例。着重探讨了乳儿期维生素K缺乏症与新生儿期自然出血症在发病原因及机理上的不同。在影响维生素K摄入、吸收、合成诸发病因素的基础上,具有出血症候及凝血障碍的客观指标的患者,当出现颅内高压征候群即应考虑该病。此时,注射维生素K_1;不仅有助于确诊,也是治疗奏效的可靠方法。文中还对该病早期预防方法进行了讨论。

INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGE IN INFANCY DUE TO DEFICIENCY OF VITAMIN K-DEPENDENT FACTORS, WITH SEVEN CASE REPORTS

Seven cases of intracranial hemorrhage due to deficiency of vitamin K-dependent factors were admitted and treated in our hospital from June 1980 to Oct 1984. Special stress in searching for the difference in etiology and pathogenesis between this disease and the neonatal spontaneous hemorrhage syndrome is emphysizedo On the basis of the factors effecting the intake, absorption and synthesis of vitamin Kinthe body, attempts were made to search for the objective criteria for the diagnosis of bleeding syndromes and clotting factor deficiency diseases. Whenever there is syndrome of increased intracranial pressure intracranial hemorrhage due to vitamin K-dependent factor deficiency should be considered. In this condition, injection of vitamin K, is not only an accessory measure to establish the diagnosis, but also constitute a reliable approach for effective treatment. In order to prevent the manifoId sequelae of this disease, conceived mothers at their late stage of pregnancy should receive vitamin K for prevention, and breast-fed infants should be supplemented with vitamin K as early as possible. Vitamin K should be supplemented especially in cases of chronic diarrhea, hepatic diseases, biliary diseases and long course administration of antibiotics in order to achieve the goal of prophylaxis.