7岁以下流动和常住儿童卫生服务现状及需求调查

目的:了解7岁以下流动和常住儿童卫生服务现状及需求。方法:采取多阶段抽样方法,抽取武汉市江岸和硚口区的两个社区内7岁以下儿童作为对象,用自拟“7岁以下儿童卫生服务现状及需求调查”问卷对其父母进行调查。结果:共调查509名流动儿童和500名常住儿童,其中:①流动儿童免疫接种建卡率(88.62%)低于常住儿童(98.76%);25.40%的流动儿童未接受过体检,体检者其体检次数较常住儿童少;家长对其身体健康关心程度亦低于常住儿童,主要就诊机构也较常住儿童差(P<0.01)。②流动儿童父母对儿童保健知识的总体需求低于常住儿童父母,近1/2的流动儿童父母不了解儿童保健知识,了解者其了解程度亦低于常住儿童父母(P<0.01)。③影响儿童保健服务的主要因素有是否为流动人口家庭、父母文化程度和职业、家庭经济状况等。结论:流动儿童卫生服务状况及需求均较常住儿童差,应采取多种措施提高其保健水平。

The state and demand of health care service among floating children and resident children under 7 years old

Objective:To survey the state and demand of health care service among floating children and resident children under 7 years old.Methods:Children under 7 years old of two communities were chosen in Jiang'an district and Qiaokou district in Wuhan with multistage sampling.Their parents were interviewed with a questionnaire which was named 'the survey on health care and demand among children under 7 years old.Results:In the study there were 509 floating children and 500 resident children.The result showed that:①The immunization card coverage of floating children was lower than that of resident children 25.40 percent of them hadn't had physical exam,and their times of physical exam were also less than that of the latter.Their parents paid less attention on their health than those of resident children.And their primary medical institution was poorer than that of resident children(P<0.01);②The general requirement to children's health care of floating children's parents was lower than that of resident children's parents.Almost 50% parents of floating children knew nothing about children's health care.And they knew less than parents of resident children(P<0.01);③The factors affecting children's health care included the floating family or not,parents' level of education,parents' employment status and family income et al.Conclusion:The floating children received less and the demanding was lower on health care service than the resident children.And we should take extensive measure to improve their health.