Rosetting in Plasmodium falciparum: A cytoadherence phenotype with multiple actors |
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Authors: | O Mercereau-Puijalon M Guillotte I Vigan-Womas |
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Institution: | aUnité d’immunologie moléculaire des parasites, Institut Pasteur, 28, rue du Docteur-Roux, 75724 Paris cedex 15, France;bCNRS URA 2581, unité d’immunologie moléculaire des parasites, 28, rue du Docteur-Roux, 75724 Paris cedex 15, France |
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Abstract: | The capacity of Plasmodium falciparum-infected red blood cells to bind uninfected red blood cells (“rosetting”) has been associated with high parasite density in numerous geographic areas and with severe malaria in African children. We summarize here the associations that have emerged from field studies and describe the various experimental models of rosetting that have been developed. A variety of erythrocyte receptors, several serum factors and a number of rosette-mediating PfEMP1 adhesins have been identified. Several var genes code for rosette-forming PfEMP1 adhesins in each P. falciparum genome, so that each clonal line has the capacity to generate distinct types of rosettes. To clarify their respective role in malaria pathogenesis, each of the multiple ligand/receptor interactions should be further studied for fine specificity, binding affinity and the impact of the large population polymorphism of the parasite variant repertoires should be assessed. Interestingly, some major human erythrocyte surface polymorphisms have been identified as affecting rosette formation, consistent with a role for rosetting in life-threatening falciparum malaria. |
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Keywords: | Red cell membrane Adhesion PfEMP1 Antigenic variation Malaria Virulence Severe malariaMots clé s: Membrane é rythrocytaire Adhé sion PfEMP1 Variation antigé nique Paludisme Virulence Paludisme grave |
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