某社区脑卒中危险因素分布特征及高危个体筛查

目的：了解和掌握湖南省湘潭市社区人群脑卒中高危人群危险因素、暴露水平及其人群分布特征。方法：采取随机整群抽样的方法对所辖社区≥40岁的居民进行调查。采用脑卒中高危人群风险初筛评估简表,对危险因素显现率及其人群分布特征进行分析和描述。结果：符合纳入标准统计分析的人数为10140人。高血压、心脏病、糖尿病、卒中家族史、高血压家族史等危险因素的暴露率男性分别为33.6%、17.0%、5.4%、17.9%、32.7%,女性分别为30.7%、17.0%、4.3%、17.4%、30.9%。40、50、60、70岁以上各年龄组的脑血流动力学积分值低于75分,异常率分别为35.01%、43.38%、51.11%、54.39%,总异常率为44.86%。具有高血压、心脏病、糖尿病、中风家族史、高血压家族史等5种危险因素暴露个体脑血流动力学积分低于75分,异常率分别为54.8%、48.1%、59.4%、37.0%、36.7%。结论：湖南省湘潭市五里堆社区人群在40岁以上有危险因素暴露的社区人群中,有45%存在脑血流动力学异常,卒中风险水平升高,脑血管功能损害的比例随着年龄的增长而明显升高。在危险因素暴露人群中,尤其应加强有脑血流动力学损害的卒中高危个体的预防。

Analysis on Epidemic Status and Risk Factors of Cerebrovascular Diseases among Residents of Urban Community of Xiangtan

Objective ： To understand epidemic status and risk factors of the eerebrovascular disease among urban residents and to provide the scientific evidence for the intervention measurements. Methods： The residents, older than 40 years old, were selected basing on a cluster sampling design. Questionnaire survey and medical examination were employed. The data was analyzed by SPSS 14.5. Results ： Exposure rate of hypertension, heart disease, diabetes, family history of hypertension, in males were 33.6%, 17.0%, 5.4%, 17.9%,32.7% and were 30.7%, 17.0%,4.3%, 17.4% ,30.9% in female respectively. The change of cerebral vascular hemodynamie indexes was significantly associated with age. Hemodynamic score in 44.86% of the subjects was below 75 points. Conclusion ： The epidemic tendency of cerebrovascular disease is serious, so the hypertension prevention should be the key to the cerebrovascular control and prevention.