血液透析患者与肾移植术后患者营养状况调查分析

目的比较分析血液透析患者与肾移植术后患者的营养状态。方法使用改良定量主观整体评估(modified quantitative subjective global assessment,MQSGA)表评估患者营养状态;测定94例血液透析患者和75例肾移植术后患者的血红蛋白(hemoglobin,Hb),血清白蛋白(albumin,Alb)。结果血液透析半年、1年患者分别与肾移植术后半年、1年患者营养状态相比,差异无统计学意义(P0.05),血液透析2年患者与肾移植后2年患者营养状态差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。血液透析患者半年与肾移植术后半年Hb值差异无统计学意义(P0.05);血液透析患者1年与肾移植术后1年Hb值差异有统计学意义(P0.05)。Alb值血液透析患者及肾移植术后患者差异无统计学意义(P0.05)。结论血液透析患者营养状况在短时间内与肾移植术后患者差异不大,血液透析新技术、个体化透析的开展为更多患者行移植术前准备赢得更充分的时间,随着时间的延长,肾移植术后患者的营养状态比血液透析患者相对稳定。

Nutrition status in hemodialysis patients and kidney transplantation patients

Object To compare the nutritional status in patients with hemodialysis and those with renal transplantation. Methods Modified Quantitative Subjective Global Assessment （MQSGA） was used to evaluate nutri- tional status at different time after the treatment in 94 hemodialysis patients and 75 renal transplantation patients. Results Significant difference in nutrition status was found between the two groups after 2 years of the treatment （P〈 0.05）, but the difference was insignificant in the 6 months to 1 year period after the treatment （P〉0.05）. Apparent difference in hemoglobin between the two groups appeared one year after the treatment （P〈0.05） but not in the 6 months after the treatment （P〉0.05）. Albumin showed no difference between the two groups in the 2 years after the treatment （P〉0.05）. Conclusions Within one year after the treatment, no remarkable difference in nutrition status was found between hemodialysis patients and renal transplantation patients. After 2 years of the treatment, however, nutri- tion status was better in renal transplantation patients than in hemodialysis patients. New hemodialysis technology and individualized hemodialysis protocols will shorten the preparation period before renal transplantation.