实时荧光聚合酶链反应检测HBV基因型B～D方法的建立

目的建立实时荧光聚合酶链反应检测乙型肝炎病毒(HBV)基因型B～D方法并验证其准确性。方法比较GenBank中已发表的明确分型的143株HBV全序列，设计特异的组合引物探针，应用实时荧光聚合酶链反应HBV基因分型法对兰州地区128例慢性乙型肝炎患血清标本进行基因型B、C、D检测，并随机对检测的基因型各3株标本进行S基因测序验证。结果128例标本中B型检出率为20.3％(26／128)，C型71．9％(92／128)，D型7．8％(10／128)：18株HBV克隆标本S基因测序结果与本分型法完全一致。结论实时荧光聚合酶链反应HBV基因分型法能够简便、灵敏、快速、准确地鉴定HBV基因型，适宜用于HBV基因型的大规模临床和流行病学调查。

Establishment and application of real-time fluoriescene-based metry polymerase chain reaction for hepatitis B virus genotyping]

OBJECTIVE: To explore a new method for determining hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotypes B-D with real-time fluorescence-based PCR. METHODS: The PCR primers and probes were designed according to the analysis of 143 complete HBV genomes from GenBank and on the basis of a search for genotype-specific nucleotide sequences which were conserved in the 3 HBV genotypes. Real-time fluorescence-based PCR was performed for HBV genotyping of 128 samples collected from Lanzhou. Three samples of each genotype of B, C and D were randomly selected and their S gene was sequenced for confirmation of the results of PCR-based method. RESULTS: Real-time PCR identified genotype B in 26 (20.3%), genotype C in 92 (71.9%), and genotype D in 10 (7.8%) cases. The sequencing results of the S gene of 18 PCR-produced clones were in complete consistence with those of fluorescence-based PCR. CONCLUSION: The real-time PCR method is convenient, highly sensitive, rapid and accurate, especially suitable in clinical and large-scale epidemiological studies.