重症监护室呼吸机相关性肺炎病原菌分析及护理对策

目的:探讨呼吸机相关性肺炎(VAP)发生的原因及护理对策。方法:收集重症监护室内行机械通气患儿31例,其中符合VAP诊断标准19例,对其进行临床资料、病原菌分布情况分析。结果:重症监护室VAP发生率62%(19/31),病死率13%(4/31),病原菌的阳性率100%,其中G-菌占89%。结论:积极做好重症监护室内常规护理的同时,应严格掌握有创机械通气指征,提倡早期无创机械通气及有创与无创序贯性机械通气是减少重症监护室内呼吸机相关性肺炎发生的关键。

Analysis of pathogenic bacteria and nursing countermeasures in ventilator-associated pneumonia in ICU

Objective:To explore the possible causes and nursing countermeasures of ventilator-associated pneumonia(VAP) in intensive care unit(ICU).Methods:31 patients treated with mechanical ventilation were collected and 19 cases VAP were diagnosed in intensive care unit,and these VAP cases were evaluated by clinical characteristics and pathogenic bacteria.Results:The morbidity and the mortality of VAP were 62%(19/31) and 13%(4/31) respectively.The detection rate of pathogenic bacterium was 100% and G-bacterium was 89% in all VAP cases.Conclusion:Mastering strictly the indication of mechanical ventilation is very important to nursing staff.Combining noninvasive and invasive mechanical ventilation in the early stage might play pivotal role in the prevention of VAP in ICU.