8742例新生儿听力筛查结果分析

目的:通过对天津市塘沽区新生儿先天性听力障碍发病率的筛查,了解新生儿听力障碍及其相关因素。方法:使用德国-麦科全自动耳声发射听力筛查仪,对8742例新生儿在出生后72h进行双耳畸变产物耳声发射(DPOAE)检查,初筛未通过者在42d后再次复查DPOAE,复筛仍未通过者进行听性脑干反应(ABR)检查,ABR检查不通过者在3～4个月内接受全面的听力学诊断和评估,以确定听力损失的性质和程度。结果:初次筛查通过率为91.50%(7999/8742),复查通过率为57.47%(427/743),追访ABR经过全面的听力学诊断和评估确诊先天性听力障碍9例。结论:天津市塘沽区新生儿先天性听力障碍发病率可初步认为是0.1%;采用DPOAE能较简便地筛查新生儿的听力障碍,及早发现有听力障碍的个体,使其在语言发育的关键年龄段之前就能得到适当干预。

The Analysis of Hearing Screening in 8742 Neonatus

Objective:To discover the hearing disorder and its related factors in neonatus by evaluating the detective rate of distortion product otoacoustic emissions(DPOAE) in hearing screening in Tanggu district of Tianjin.Methods:All 8 742 newborns received hearing screening test by DPOAE 72 hours after birth and re-screening tests were performed for infants who failed to pass the screening test 42 days after birth.Those who failed to pass re-detect would received auditory brainstem response(ABR) test.They would be given the overall audiologic diagnosis and assessment within 3-4 months to definite the property and degree of their hearing loss for infants who failed to pass the ABR test.Results:Percentage of 91.50(7 999/8 742) newborns passed the DPOAE screening tests in the hospital,57.47%(427/743)infants passed DPOAE re-screening test,the rest received ABR test and 9 infants were confirmed congenital hearing disorder.Conclusion:The study showed that the incidence of congenital hearing disorder in neonatal born in Tanggu district of Tianjin was nearly 0.1%.DPOAE test is simple and easy for the hearing screening in neonatus,and can detect congenital hearing disorder timely so as to interfere properly.