大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞及大隐静脉来源细胞向组织工程化韧带种子细胞诱导的比较

背景：关节病中韧带损伤难以治愈，且传统的韧带替代物有很多不足。利用组织工程方法治疗关节病，需要选择适合的种子细胞。 目的：观察诱导分化SD大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞及大隐静脉来源细胞作为韧带组织工程种子细胞的可行性。 方法：胰酶-去垢剂法制备去细胞韧带组织；密度梯度离心和贴壁细胞培养相结合的方法体外分离扩增大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞，成纤维细胞生长因子诱导其分化为成纤维细胞，设大隐静脉间质细胞为对照，比较2种细胞形态学、增殖能力、胶原合成以及在韧带上的生长情况方面的异同。 结果与结论: 大鼠骨髓间充质干细胞及大隐静脉来源细胞均为贴壁生长，形态为梭形或多角型，两者的冻存和复苏率、合成胶原能力方面无显著差异，都能种植在韧带组织上并在其上面生长。骨髓间充质干细胞诱导分化的成纤维细胞与静脉来源的间质细胞之间无显著差异。 关键词：大隐静脉；骨髓间充质干细胞；种子细胞；组织工程；诱导分化；韧带；大鼠

Seed cells differentiated from rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells versus from great saphenous vein-derived cells for tissue-engineered ligament

BACKGROUND: Ligament injury in arthrosis is difficult to be healed, and conventional ligament substitutes have disadvantages. To treat arthrosis, a suitable seed cell is needed using tissue engineering method. OBJECTIVE: To observe the possibility of cells differentiated from bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) and from great saphenous vein of Sprague Dawley rats as seeded cells of ligament tissue engineering. METHODS: Ligament without cells was obtained by a trypsin-deterging cell extraction process. Rat BMSCs were isolated and amplified by gradient centrifugation conjucted with adherent method in vitro, induced by fibroblast growth factor, and differentiated into fibroblasts. Great saphenous vein interstitial cells served as controls. Cell morphology, proliferation capability, collagen-synthesized capability and growth on acellular ligament were observed. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Both BMSCs and venous interstitial cells grew adherently and appeared fusiform or polygonal. There were no significant differences in cell resuscitation rate and collagen-synthesized capability. Both cells could be implanted on ligament tissue and grew on its surface. There were no significant differences between venous interstitial cells and fibroblasts differentiated from BMSCs.