儿童股骨颈骨折的治疗选择及疗效分析

【目的】了解儿童股骨颈骨折不同治疗方法与治疗效果的关系，为治疗该病提供选择。【方法】分析我科1983年～1996年13年间收治的21例儿童股骨颈骨折的疗效。【结果】第1组14例采用电视X-ray下闭合复位+多根克氏针或小口径空心钉内固定术，11例愈合满意，合并股骨头缺血性坏死3例。第2组行皮肤牵引+髋人字石膏固定4例，3例治愈，合并股骨头缺血性坏死1例。第3组3例，行切开复位多根克氏针或小口径空心钉子内固定，治愈1例，合并股骨头缺血性坏死2例。【结论】儿童股骨颈骨折的治疗应以电视X-ray下闭合复位多克氏针内固定为首选，除非其它治疗方法失败，否则，不应轻易行切复位内固定术。

Choice of Treatment and Clinical Analysis of Femoral Neck Fracture in Children

【Objective】To compare different approaches and their effectiveness on the treatment of the femoral neck fracture in children,in order to provide a reliable and effective way for the treatment of the disease.【Methods】Clinical data of 21 cases with femoral neck fracture from 1983 to 1993 were analyzed retrospectively.【Results】21 cases were divided into three groups:① group Ⅰ:14 cases underwent closed reduction and internal fixation with multiple Kirscher′s pins or cannulate compression screws under C-arm X-ray monitor.Of the 14 cases,11 cases were healed,3 cases developed ischemic necrosis of femoral head;② group Ⅱ:4 cases was treated with skin traction and hip spica cast plaster fixation,3 cases was healed,1 case developed ischemic necrosis of femoral head;③ group Ⅲ:3 cases underwent opened reduction and internal fixation with multiple pins or cannulate compression screws,1 case was healed,2 cases developed ischemic necrosis of femoral head.【Conclusion】Closed reduction and multiple pins internal fixation under C-arm X-ray monitor may be the best choice of treatment of femoral neck fracture in children.