黄皮叶提取物镇咳祛痰、平喘作用及有效部位研究

【摘要】目的 研究黄皮叶不同溶剂萃取物的镇咳、祛痰、平喘作用。方法 （1）将60只小鼠随机分为正常组、枸橼酸喷托维林组、石油醚萃取物组、二氯甲烷萃取物组、乙酸乙酯萃取物组及水提物组，给予相应药物灌胃7 d，用浓氨水引咳，观察小鼠咳嗽潜伏期及2 min内咳嗽次数。（2）将另60只小鼠随机分为正常组、氯化铵组、石油醚萃取物组、二氯甲烷萃取物组、乙酸乙酯萃取物组及水提物组，灌胃相应药物7 d后采用腹腔注射5%酚红溶液，观察小鼠气管酚红排泌量。（3）70小鼠随机分为正常组、模型组、地塞米松组、石油醚萃取物组、二氯甲烷萃取物组、乙酸乙酯萃取物组及水提物组，于第1、7、14 天腹腔注射卵蛋白致敏液；第18～22 天给予相应药物灌胃，并用卵蛋白溶液雾化激发，观察哮喘小鼠支气管肺泡灌洗液（BALF）中白细胞总数及细胞分类计数。结果 （1）与正常组比较，石油醚萃取物、二氯甲烷萃取物能延长小鼠咳嗽潜伏期并减少2 min内咳嗽次数，差异有统计学意义（P ＜0.01）。（2）与正常组比较，二氯甲烷萃取物、乙酸乙酯萃取物及水提物能增加小鼠气管酚红排泌量，差异有统计学意义（P ＜ 0.01）。（3）与模型组比较，石油醚萃取物能减少哮喘小鼠BALF液中白细胞总数、嗜酸性粒细胞比例及中性粒细胞比例，差异有统计学意义（P ＜0.01）。结论 黄皮叶萃取物具有明显的镇咳、祛痰及平喘作用。

Experimental research on antibechic,expectorant and antiasthmatic effects of extracts from Clausena lansium(Lour.) Skeels leaves and its active fractions

Abstract] Objective To study the antibechic, expectorant and antiasthmatic actions of Clausena Lansium (Lour.) Skeels (CLLSL) leaf extracts. Methods （1）Sixty mice were randomly divided into six groups: normal control group, pentoxyverine group, petroleum ether extraction group, dichloromethane extraction group, ethyl acetate extraction group and liquid extraction group. After corresponding drug administration for seven days, cough models were induced by concentrated ammonia in mice. The latent phase and the cough frequency per two minutes were recorded in mice.（2）Another sixty mice were randomly divided into six groups: normal control group, ammonium chloride group, petroleum ether extraction group, dichloromethane extraction group, ethyl acetate extraction group and liquid extraction group. After corresponding drug administration for seven days, the concentration of tracheal phenolsulfonphthalein was detected by 5% phenolsulfonphthalein solution intraperitoneal injection.（3）Seventy mice were randomly divided into seven groups: normal control group, model group, dexamethasone group, petroleum ether extraction group, dichloromethane extraction group, ethyl acetate extraction group and liquid extraction group. The asthmatic mouse models were established by ovalbumin（OVA）intraperitoneal injection at the 1th, 7th and 14th day, and atomization inhalation was given from 18-22 days. The asthmatic mice were treated with corresponding medicines respectively before atomization inhalation. The total leukocyte number and different cell counts in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were observed. Results (1) Compared with normal control group, the latent phase was significantly longer and the cough frequency per two minutes was significantly reduced in petroleum ether extraction and dichloromethane extraction groups (P ＜0.01). (2) Compared with normal control group, dichloromethane extraction, ethyl acetate extraction and liquid extraction could significantly increase the concentration of phenolsulfonphthalein of mouse trachea (P ＜0.01). (3) Compared with model group, the total leukocyte number, eosinophile granulocyte count and neutrophil count in BALF of asthmatic mice were significantly decreased in petroleum ether extraction group (P ＜0.01). Conclusion The extracts of CLLSL have antibechic, expectorant and antiasthmatic effects.