吸烟与高血压相关关系研究

目的探讨吸烟与收缩压、舒张压及血压级别的确切的相关关系,为高血压防治和烟草控制提供理论依据。方法采用多阶段随机整群抽样方法和KISH表法,共抽取江苏省14个调查点的4 480名15～69岁调查对象,调查内容主要包括性别、年龄、吸烟、饮酒、饮食习惯及体力活动等;并测量身高、体重、腰围、血压等指标;共获有效问卷4 318人。数据处理采用SPSS统计软件,率的比较用χ2检验,P〈0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果男性的平均收缩压、舒张压显著高于女性,吸烟者的收缩压、舒张压也显著高于不吸烟者。相关分析结果显示,男性吸烟量与收缩压（r=0.067,P=0.004）、舒张压（r=0.075,P=0.001）及血压级别（r=0.053,P=0.022）有非常显著的相关关系。多因素logistic回归分析结果显示,在调整了年龄、性别、体质指数和腰围等因素后,吸烟与不吸烟组比较OR值为1.196,95%可信区间为1.056～1.355,且随着吸烟量的增加OR值逐渐增加。结论吸烟与收缩压、舒张压及血压分级有非常显著的相关关系,吸烟可增加高血压患病风险。

Study of relationships between smoking and hypertensio

Objective To investigate the relationships between smoking and systolic blood pressure（SBP） and diastolic blood pressure（DBP）.Methods 4 480 people of 14 survey areas were selected with a multi-stage random clustering sampling and KISH table.4 318（96.38%） participants completed the questionnaire,which included the variables of sex,age,smoking,liquor drinking,eating habit,physical activity,etc.All subjects were measured for height,body weight,waist circumference,blood pressure and other biomarkers.Results The average SBP and DBP of men were significant higher than that of women（P〈0.05）.The blood pressure was significantly higher in the participants of smoking than that in participants of non-smoking（P〈0.05）.Pearson correlation analysis indicated the significant relationships between the amount of tobacco use and SBP（Pearson coefficient=0.067,P=0.004）,DBP（Pearson coefficient=0.075,P=0.001） and the rank of blood pressure（Pearson coefficient=0.053,P=0.022）.A multi-logistic analysis showed that there was a significant association of hypertension and smoking adjusting for age,sex,BMI,waist circumference,etc（OR=1.196,95% CI=1.056-1.355）.Conclusion Smoking increased the risk of hypertension.