山西省平顺县中小学生视力状况调查分析

目的了解山西平顺县中小学生的视力状况,为学校视力保护工作提供科学依据。方法采取整群抽样调查方法,从平顺县20个乡（镇）中抽取5个乡（镇）的5所中学、5所小学的6 454名学生作为调查对象。结果6 454名学生视力低下率为30.63%,其中,小学生视力低下率为12.61%,初中生为47.04%,初中生高于小学生,差异有统计学意义（χ^2=8.98,P〈0.01）;从性别上看,男生视力低下率为27.34%;女生视力低下率为33.97%,女生视力低下率高于男生,差异有统计学意义（χ^2=33.35,P〈0.01）;从视力低下分度构成看,小学生轻度73.97%,中度19.84%,重度6.19%,初中生轻度43.11%,中度26.75%,重度30.14%,小学生以轻度为主,而初中生则中、重度的比例有所增加;从地区看,县城中小学生视力低下率为34.05%,乡（镇）中小学生视力低下率为26.46%,县城明显高于乡（镇）,差异有统计学意义（χ^2=43.28,P〈0.01）。结论预防干预和积极治疗来减低和控制中小学生视力低下患病率势在必行。

The vision status of primary and middle school students in Pingshun county,Shanxi province

Objective To investigate the vision status of primary and middle school students in Pingshun county,Shanxi province,and to provide scientific basis for vision protection in students.Methods The cluster sampling method was used to select 6 454 pupils from 5 primary schools and 5 middle schools in 5 of 20 towns of Pingshun county.Results 30.63% of the students had low vision.The proportion of students with low vision was significantly lower in primary school than that in middle school（12.61% vs 47.04%,χ^2=8.98,P〈0.01）.27.34% of the male students and 33.97% of the female students had low vision,the difference was statistically significant（χ^2=33.35,P〈0.01）.The proportions of mild,medium and severe low vision were respectively 73.97%,19.85% and 6.19% for primary students and 43.11%,26.75% and 30.14% for middle school students.The proportion of low vision was significantly higher in primary students in urban areas than that of students in towns（30.05% vs 26.46%,χ^2=43.28,P〈0.01）.Conclusion Comprehensive intervention and active treatment should be adopted among the students to control the prevalence of low vision.