山东省枣庄市农村地区60岁以上人群慢性阻塞性肺疾病患病率调查

目的调查农村地区60岁以上人群慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）患病率、危险因素,为制定COPD防治策略提供依据。方法采取分层随机整群抽样调查方法,于2009年8～11月对枣庄市6个调查点（6个辖区）60岁以上人群进行COPD流行病学调查,实检人口1 824人。通过问诊、体检、峰流速仪或肺功能测试和胸透等方法诊断。诊断标准参照2002年全国COPD诊治指南。采用SPSS 10.0软件进行统计分析,患病率比较用χ2检验,危险因素进行logistic回归分析,相关性比较用直线相关分析,P〈0.05为差异有统计学意义。结果检出COPD 281例,患病率为15.41%,男、女性患病率分别为22.06%、10.02%,男女性别比为1.78∶1,患病率男性明显高于女性（χ2=49.23,P〈0.01）。诱发因素主要有吸烟、有害气体和呼吸道感染等。结论 COPD是严重危害枣庄市农村地区公众身心健康的疾病,应引起重视。通过调查获得了枣庄市COPD患病率及危险因素,为今后制订综合防治措施提供了依据。

A prevalence survey on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease among people aged over 60 years in rural Zaozhuang of Shandong province

Objective To investigate the prevalence rate and risk factors of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease（COPD） among people aged over 60 years in rural Zaozhuang.Methods By using a stratified random cluster sampling method,the COPD epidemic research on people aged over 60 years was carried out in six places investigated（six jurisdictions） on August to November in 2009（totally 1 824 people were investigated）.By interrogation,physical examination,peak flow meter test,lung function test,and chest fluoroscopy,a diagnosis of COPD was made according to Guide for Diagnosis and Treatment of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.Results Two hundred and eighty-one out of 1 824（15.41%）patients were diagnosed with COPD.More male patients（22.06%）were found compared with female patients（10.02%）,and the proportion of male patients to female patients was 1.78∶1（χ2=49.23,P0.01）.Smoking,harmful gas and respiratory tract infection were the main risk factors.Conclusion COPD is a common and important health problem among seniors in rural Zaozhuang.