甘肃省2008年甲型病毒性肝炎流行特征及聚类分析

目的描述和分析甘肃省甲型病毒性肝炎发病的流行病学特征。方法甲型病毒性肝炎病例数据来源于＂疾病监测信息报告管理系统＂,人口数据来源于甘肃省2008年年鉴,并采用两步聚类方法对报告的甲型病毒性肝炎病例进行聚类分析。结果 2008年甘肃省甲型病毒性肝炎发病率为16.82/10万。甲型病毒性肝炎病例以20岁以下儿童为主,0～20岁年龄组占总报告病例数的49.92%;7～11月高发（占报告病例数的52.01%）,即秋冬春季节高发,发病最高峰为10月。甘肃省各地区甲型病毒性肝炎发病率水平差异较大,发病较高的地区多位于甘肃西部和南部地区。聚类分析结果显示甲型病毒性肝炎病例可聚为2类,即以农民和非农民人员为代表,以农民为代表的一类大多年龄较大,发病时间在上半年;而非农民人员多数年龄较小,发病时间在下半年。结论本研究表明2008年甘肃省甲型病毒性肝炎发病形势不容乐观,甲型病毒性肝炎病例地区分布、职业分布和年龄差异显著,应进一步摸清存在差别的原因,加强甲型病毒性肝炎免疫规划及相关防治工作。

The cluster analysis results and epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis A in Gansu province,2008

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis A in Gansu province,2008.Methods The data of patients with hepatitis A were collected from the Disease Surveillance and Reporting System.The population data were obtained from the Gansu Yearbook 2008.The epidemiological characteristics of hepatitis A was described and the two-step clustering method was used to analyze the data.Results The incidence rate of hepatitis A was 16.82/100 000 in Gansu province,20008.Children and adolescents aged below 20 years accounted for 49.92% of the total patients.52.01% of the patients suffered from the disease during July and November,and the incidence peak was in October.Significant differences in incidence rate of hepatitis A were found among different areas of Gansu province,and the western and southern areas had higher incidence rates of hepatitis A.The cluster analysis classified the patients into 2 categories（farmers and non-farmers）.Most farmer patients were elderly,and mainly suffered from the disease during the first half of the year.The majority of the non-farmer patients were younger,and usually suffered from the disease in the second half of the year.Conclusion The prevalence of hepatitis A is high in Gansu province.The regional,occupation-related and age-related differences in hepatitis A prevalence are found in Gansu.Viral hepatitis A immunization should be promoted in the high-risk population and prevention and control measures should be adopted.