随州经济开发区2009年手足口病流行病学特征及防控策略

目的探讨随州经济开发区手足口病发病规律,评价启动Ⅳ级应急响应采取的综合性防控措施,为今后防控提供科学依据。方法收集国家疾病监测信息管理系统中随州经济开发区疫情和流行病学调查资料及随州市疾病预防控制中心实验室检测资料,采用Excel软件对疫情作统计学分析。结果 2009年随州经济开发区共报告手足口病病例265例,发病高峰在3,4,5月,占全年发病总数的88.68%,发病先在托幼机构,后以散居儿童为主,占总发病数的73.59%;3岁以下儿童占发病总数的87.93%;男女性之比为2.05∶1（χ^2=22.58,P〈0.005）,本组资料显示发热59例,占30.73%;手、足、口部皮疹分别占93.23%、76.56%和48.96%;血白细胞升高占42.34%;淋巴细胞异常占60.36%;门诊治疗占病例总数的55.85%（148/265）,住院治疗62例,占23.40%,留观55例,占20.75%;实验室检测结果证实为肠道病毒EV71型。经启动Ⅳ级应急响应,采取逐级包保,落实综合防控措施后疫情平息。结论注重手足口病首发病例或新疫点相关措施落实及隔离治疗,能够有效控制其传播和流行。

Epidemiological analysis and preventive strategies of hand-foot-mouth disease in Suizhou Economic Development District,2009

Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease（HFMD）,evaluate the effects of comprehensive preventive measures,and to provide scientific basis for prevention and control.MethodsEpidemic data were collected from National Disease Surveillance System.Laboratory testing data were obtained from Suizhou Municipal Center for Disease Prevention and Control.Software Excel was used to analyze the data.ResultsTwo hundred and sixty-five HFMD cases were reported in Suizhou Economic Development District in 2009.The incidence reached peak during March and May（88.68% of the cases occurred in this period）.The cases were mainly kindergarten children at the beginning of the outbreak,and then scattered children（73.59%）.87.93% of the cases were children below three years old.The ratio of male to female was 2.05∶1（χ^2=22.58,P〈0.005）,Fifty-nine cases（30.73%） had fever.There were 93.23%,76.56% and 48.96% of the cases developing rash on hand,foot and mouth,respectively.Increased blood WBC was observed in 42.34% of the cases,and abnormal lymphocyte count in 60.36% of the cases.55.85% of the patients received out-patient treatment,and 23.40%（62） hospital treatment,20.75% in-hospital observation.Laboratory tests confirmed intestinal virus EV71 as the pathogen.This HFMD outbreak finished after the application of grade 4 emergency response.ConclusionIsolation of the first HFMD case and application of related measures can effectively control the epidemic of HFMD.