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职业伤害与社会经济影响因素的关系
引用本文:刘新荣,杨建国,姜文忠,沈骏,吴昌,夏昭林. 职业伤害与社会经济影响因素的关系[J]. 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志, 2004, 22(2): 86-89
作者姓名:刘新荣  杨建国  姜文忠  沈骏  吴昌  夏昭林
作者单位:1. 225300,江苏省泰州市疾病预防控制中心职业病防治科
2. 泰州市卫生监督所稽查科
3. 复旦大学公共卫生学院劳动卫生教研室
摘    要:目的 分析化工行业职业伤害的社会经济影响因素。方法 采用 1∶2配对病例对照研究 ,应用单因素条件Logistic回归、主成分分析以及主成分条件Logistic回归对病例与对照的有关社会经济影响因素进行统计分析。结果 单因素分析结果有显著性意义的变量为年龄、性别、文化程度、就业类型、技术等级、就业地点、工作变换、月均工资、家庭年收入、企业规模、企业性质、安全防护设备、安全操作规程和安全教育制度。主成分分析提取的 4个主成分较好地反映了原 11个指标的信息 ,累计贡献率为 77.36 %。第一主成分解释了原变量信息的 4 6 .6 9% ,是职业伤害的指示因子 ,第二主成分是职业活动因子 ,第三主成分是工作稳定性因子 ,第四主成分是性别因子。多因素条件Logis tic分析结果显示 ,第一、第二主成分有显著性意义 (P <0 .0 1) ,在众多原变量影响因素中 ,作用较明显的因素有性别、就业类型、经济收入、企业规模和企业性质等。结论 职业伤害的社会经济影响因素较多且相互作用。职业伤害的防治应从加强安全生产教育、增强职工自我保护意识和提高企业经营者的生产安全意识等方面综合考虑。

关 键 词:职业暴露  社会经济因素  社会控制政策
修稿时间:2003-01-20

Relationship of occupational injuries with social and economic factors
LIU Xin-rong,YANG Jian-guo,JIANG Wen-zhong,SHEN Jun,WU Chang,XIA Zhao-lin.Taizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Taizhou,Jiangsu Province ,China Corresponding Author:XIA Zhao-lin. Relationship of occupational injuries with social and economic factors[J]. Chinese journal of industrial hygiene and occupational diseases, 2004, 22(2): 86-89
Authors:LIU Xin-rong  YANG Jian-guo  JIANG Wen-zhong  SHEN Jun  WU Chang  XIA Zhao-lin.Taizhou Center for Disease Control  Prevention  Taizhou  Jiangsu Province   China Corresponding Author:XIA Zhao-lin
Affiliation:Taizhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taizhou, Jiangsu Province 225300, China.
Abstract:OBJECTIVE: To explore the relationship of occupational injuries with social and economic factors in chemical industry during 2000.01 - 2001.12. METHOD: 1:2 paired case-control study, univariable logistic regression analysis, principal component analysis, and multiple logistic regression analysis were used in this study. RESULTS: Univariable analysis showed that occupational injuries had significant relationship with age, sex, education, employment pattern, technology, workplace, work changing, wage, family income, enterprise scale, enterprise proprietorship, projective device, operation rules, and training rules of work safety. The extracted four principal components (PC(1), PC(2), PC(3) and PC(4), ranked by contribution) gave good expressions to the initial 11 variables. The cumulative proportion of the four principal components reached 77.36%. PC(1) was the indicative factor of occupational injuries, which represented 46.69% information of initial variables. PC(2) was the kinetic factor of occupational injuries. PC(3) was the stable factor of occupational injuries. PC(4) was the sex factor of occupational injuries. The results of multiple conditional logistic regression analysis showed that occupational injuries had statistically significant relationship with PC(1) and PC(2). Among the initial variables, sex, employment pattern, income, scale of enterprise, and property of enterprise were more prominent. CONCLUSION: Occupational injuries are related with multiple social and economic factors, which often interact on each other. The prevention and control of occupational injuries should require a comprehensive approach, including training and education of work safety, improving workers' consciousness of self-protection, and enhancing proprietors' consciousness of work safety.
Keywords:Occupational exposure  Socioeconomic factors  Social control policies
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