上海市普陀区双眼盲流行病学调查

目的了解13年来上海市普陀区双眼盲患者的患病率、致盲疾病谱和发展趋势。方法对上海市普陀区自1993年至2005年,区内的双眼盲患者进行调查,对双眼视力低于0.1者用小孔镜检测视力进行登记并建立档案。分析现盲率、新盲患率和致盲的主要原因。结果1990初现盲率为0.476%,然后就大幅度下降并稳定在0.12%左右。1997年、2001年和2005年因白内障而新发病的盲患患者分别占新发病的盲患患者总数的62.6%、77.9%、67.9%。其中90%以上经手术治疗后得以复明。1997年新增盲人致盲的主要原因依次为白内障、视网膜退行性变、青光眼、角膜病;2005年新增盲人致盲的主要原因依次为视网膜退行性变、白内障、青光眼、视神经萎缩。结论该地区七年来现盲率一直稳定在0.12%左右;近年来视网膜退行性变成为致盲主要原因。

An epidemiological survey of binocular blindness in PuTuo District of Shanghai

Objective To investigate the rate of blindness,morbidity and the leading cause of blindness in PuTuo District of Shanghai in the recent thirteen years.Methods The binocular blindness person were investigated.The pinhole visual acuity was recorded and classified under WHO grading system for total residents whose eyesight below 0.1.The vision archives were established from 1993 to 2005.The rate of blindness,the morbidity of blindness every year and the leading cases of blindness were analysed.Results The rate of blindness in this area was 0.476% in the beginning of 1990.After 1991 the rate was decreased sharply and at last the rate reached about 0.12% for six years.The morbidity of cataract binocular blindness in 1997,2001 and 2005 were 62.6%,77.9% and 67.9% respectively.However the vision of more than 90% cataract blindness could be restored after surgery.In 1997,the leading causes of blindness were cataract,degenerative retinopathy(including age-related maculopathy),glaucoma and corneal diseases.In 2005,the leading causes of blindness were degenerative retinopathy(including age-related maculopathy),cataract,glaucoma optic atrophy and glaucoma Conclusions The rate of binocular blindness in this area decreased from 1993.degenerative retinopathy has became the leading causes of blindness.