雷帕霉素洗脱支架远期致冠状动脉局部血管瘤样扩张四例报告

目的分析雷帕霉素洗脱支架远期发生冠状动脉局部血管瘤样扩张的特点及原因。方法2004年4—7月接受介入治疗的冠心病患者4例,男3例,女1例,造影显示7支病变血管共置入9个支架,其中前降支置入Cypher select支架5个,回旋支置入Firebird支架2个,Pixel支架1个,右冠状动脉置入Cypher select支架1个。术后口服氯吡格雷75mg／d持续1年。结果4例均成功置入支架,病变血管达TIMI Ⅲ级血流灌注,心绞痛症状消失,无急性／亚急性血栓形成。平均随访（24．8±1．8）个月,无主要心脏不良事件发生。术后12个月冠状动脉造影随访,无支架内再狭窄及新病变出现。停用氯吡格雷,继续门诊随访,病情稳定。4例患者分别于术后16、18、22个月因心绞痛症状复发而再次入院,入院后给予氯吡格雷75mg／d,静脉注射硝酸甘油及皮下注射低分子肝素治疗。冠状动脉造影显示：3例于前降支近段,1例右冠状动脉中段置入Cypher支架的部位冠状动脉呈血管瘤样扩张,扩张处血管直径明显大于临接正常冠状动脉,其他置入支架的血管无病变。术后即刻给予替罗非班（0．1μg·kg^-1·min^-1）连续3天治疗,症状消失。继续随访3—6个月,全部存活,无心绞痛发生。结论雷帕霉素支架远期发生支架贴壁不良,导致血管重构是造成局部血管瘤样扩张的可能原因。

Late localized aneurysmal dilations after sirolimus-eluting stents in 4 patients

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the reason of coronary artery aneurismal dilations in patients after sirolimus-eluting stent implantation. METHODS: Late localized aneurismal dilations post PCI were evidenced in 4 patients (age 69.5 +/- 3.5 years, 3 males) during follow-up (24.8 +/- 1.8 months). Nine stents were implanted into 7 diseased vessels: 5 Cypher select stents in LAD; 2 Firebird stents and 1 Pixel stent in LCX; 1 Cypher select stent in RCA. Clopidogrel (75 mg/d) was used for one year. RESULTS: All stents were implanted succesfully after predilation. No acute or subacute in-stent thrombosis and MACE was recorded. Follow-up angiogram imaging at 12 months after stenting was normal in all patients. Chest pain reoccurred in these 4 patients at 16, 18, and 22 months post stent implantation and patients were rehospitalized and treated with clopidogrel, asprine, and intravenous nitroglycerin. Angiography showed aneurismal segment at the stented site of LAD in 3 patients, and at RCA in 1 patient. The symptom disappeared after 3 days intravenous tirofiban treatments and discharged without in-hospital complications. Patients remained symptom-free 3 - 6 months post discharge. CONCLUSION: Late localized aneurismal dilations after sirolimus-eluting stents are related to reoccurred angina pectoris post PCI.