慢性心力衰竭患者心脏β1受体自身抗体与心功能的相关性及临床意义

目的 通过对慢性心力衰竭（心衰）患者血清中β1肾上腺素能受体自身抗体水平的监测,预测心功能情况,并指导β受体阻滞剂卡维地洛的临床应用。方法 65例心衰患者采用酶联免疫法测定患者血清中β1受体自身抗体水平,据此分为β1受体自身抗体阳性组（β1阳性组）30例和β1受体自身抗体阴性组（β1阴性组）35例,在血管紧张素转换酶抑制剂、利尿剂和洋地黄制剂治疗基础上加用β受体阻滞剂卡维地洛。随访半年,治疗前后采用超声心动图测量左室舒张末径（LVEDD）,左室收缩末径（LVESD）和左室射血分数（LVEF）进行比较。结果 （1）β1阳性组卡维地洛靶剂量明显高于β1阴性组（36．25±14．31）mg／d与（25．97±8．83）mg／d],P〈0．01。（2）治疗前,p1阳性组心率显著高于p1阴性组（94．19±14．46）次／min与（86．56±15．88）次／min],P〈0．05。治疗后,两组心率、血压均较治疗前显著减低（P〈0．01）,β1阳性组心率与β阴性组差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。（3）治疗前,β1阳性组LVEDD显著大于β1阴性组（66．01±5．47）mm与（63．07±5．64）min],P〈0．05;LVESD大于β1阴性组（54．24±8．43）mm与（50．72±6．12）min],P=0．052;LVEF显著低于β1阴性组（32．16±9．00）％与（36．64±8．20）％],P〈0．05。治疗后,两组LVEDD、LVESD均较治疗前显著减小（P〈0．01）,LVEF较治疗前提高（P〈0．01）。β1阳性组LVEDD、LVESD和LYEF与β1阴性组差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。（4）β1阳性组治疗后血清中抗心脏β1受体自身抗体滴度较治疗前显著降低（1：119．35与1：72．21）,P〈0．01。结论 β1受体自身抗体参与心衰的病理生理过程,通过对β1受体自身抗体的检测可以预测患者的临床过程,提示对β1受体抗体阳性患者尽早使用β受体阻滞剂对于抑制心肌重构、改善心功能受益更大。

Serum autoantibodies against the cardiac beta(1)-adrenergic receptor in patients with chronic heart failure: clinical characteristics and response to carvedilol

OBJECTIVE: To detect the serum autoantibodies against the cardiac beta(1)-adrenergic receptor and observe the clinical characteristics and response to carvedilol use in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF). METHODS: Cardiac function was examined by echocardiography and levels of autoantibodies against cardiac beta(1)-adrenergic receptor were detected in 65 patients with CHF by means of enzyme linked immune assay. Carvedilol was added on ACEI, diuretics and digitalis regimen for a target dose of 50 mg/d. All patients were followed up for 6 months. RESULTS: Autoantibodies against cardiac beta(1)-adrenergic receptor were detected in 30 patients (group 1) and not detected in the remaining 35 patients (group 2). The achieved target dose of carvedilol was significantly higher in group 1 than that in group 2 (36.25 +/- 14.31) mg/d vs. (25.97 +/- 8.83) mg/d, P < 0.01]. Heart rate was significantly higher in group 1 compared to group 2 (94.19 +/- 14.46) beats/min vs. (86.56 +/- 15.88) beats/min, P < 0.05] before treatment and heart rate and blood pressure of both groups decreased significantly (P < 0.01) and there was no significant difference between two group (P > 0.05) after 6 months treatment. LVEDD and LVESD were significantly larger while LVEF significantly lower in group 1 patients than those in group 2 patients (all P < 0.05) before treatment and LVEDD and LVESD decreased and LVEF increased significantly in both groups (all P < 0.01 vs. before treatment) and there was on significant difference in LVEDD, LVESD and LVEF between two groups (all P > 0.05) post 6 months treatment. Moreover, average titer of autoantibodies against the cardiac beta(1)-adrenergic receptors significantly decreased after 6 months treatment (1:119.35 vs. 1:72.21, P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The detection of autoantibodies against the cardiac beta(1)-adrenergic receptors is related to severer cardiac dysfunction and autoantibodies title decrease was found with improved cardiac function after standard therapy (ACEI, digitalis, betablocker) in patients with CHF.