胎儿盆腔肾的产前超声诊断

目的探讨胎儿盆腔肾的超声筛查方法和声像图特点。方法回顾性分析经产前超声诊断的8胎胎儿盆腔肾的声像图特征,并结合引产后尸体检查病理结果及出生后随访复查等进行分析。结果盆腔肾胎儿8胎,胎龄22～36周;左肾4胎,右肾3胎,交叉融合肾1胎。2胎盆腔肾形态结构正常,1胎交叉融合肾结构正常;2胎盆腔肾合并肾积水;3胎盆腔肾合并多囊性肾发育不良,2胎为同侧,1胎为双侧并多发畸形。8胎中,引产3胎,2胎经病理检查证实;4胎出生,其中3胎经出生后复查证实,1胎失访;1胎尚在孕期随访中。结论对于单侧肾窝肾缺失的胎儿,应注意寻找异位盆腔肾。彩超显示肾动脉对诊断胎儿盆腔肾有重要提示作用。

Prenatal ultrasonic diagnosis of fetal pelvic kidney

Objective To discuss the ultrasound screening method and sonographic features of fetal pelvic kidney. Methods Prenatal sonographic characteristics of 8 fetal pelvic kidneys detected with prenatal ultrasound were retrospectively analyzed according to the autopsy after induction of labor or postnatal follow-up. Results Pelvic kidneys were detected in 8 fetuses with gestation of 22-36 weeks, 4 in left, 3 in right, while 1 was crossed fused kidney. Two fetuses had normal sized, shaped and structural pelvic kidneys, 1 had normal structural but crossed fused right pelvic kidney, 2 had severe hydronephrosis with pelvic kidneys, 3 had multicystic kidney dysplasia, 2 in the ipsilateral pelvic kidney and 1 in bilateral kidneys with other multiple abnormalities. Induction of labor was performed for 3 fetuses, and pelvic kidney was confirmed in 2 with histopathological examination. After birth, pelvic kidney was confirmed with follow-up in 3 of 4 newborns. One fetus was still in pregnancy. Conclusion In fetuses with unilateral empty renal fossa, attention should be paid to find the pelvic kidney. Color Doppler ultrasonic depiction of renal artery is important for the diagnosis of fetal pelvic kidney.