北京市密云县大、中、小学生结核病感染调查分析

目的调查北京密云县大、中、小学一年级新生结核病感染情况。方法对大、中、小学新生进行结核菌素试验（PPD），并对其感染特点进行分析。结果大学、初中、小学一年级学生结素试验阴性率（〈5mm）分别为30．2％、67．4％和79．4％。结素试验一般阳性率（≥5mm）分别为38．5％、26．3％和17．6％。强阳性率（≥15mm人数）分别为31．3％、6．3％和3．0％。各年级阳性率及强阳性率均有显著差别，年级越高，阳性及强阳性学生的比例越高。有结核病接触史的学生强阳性率（45．2％）比无接触史的（10．6％），高34．6个百分点。强阳性学生的活动性肺结核发现率为1．1％。结论把大学、中学生作为结核病预防治疗对象，是控制结核病在学校流行的重要措施。

Investigation on Tuberculosis Infection among Students in University,Middle and Primary School in Miyun District of Beijing City

Objective] To investigate the tuberculosis （TB } infection among new students in university, middle and primary school. Methods] Tuberculin test {PPD） was adopted, and the infection characteristics were analyzed. Results] The PPD negative rate （ 〈 5 mm） of the students in university, middle and primary school was 30.2%, 67.4% and 79.4%, respectively. The positive rate （ i〉5 mm} was 38.5%, 26.3% and 17.6% ,respectively. And the extensive positive rate （≥15 mm） was 31.3%, 6.3% and 3%, respectively. The differences of the positive and extensive positive rates between the different grades were significant. The extensive positive rate of the students who had TB exposure was 45.2%, while the opposite was 10.6%, which was 34.6% less than the former. The detection rate of the active pulnmnary TB among students with extensive positive rate was 1.1%. Conclusion ] Taking university and middle school students as TB prevention and treatment targets was the key measure to control the epidemic of TB in schools.