2749例恶性肿瘤患者医院感染调查

目的研究恶性肿瘤患者医院感染情况,为制定预防和控制措施提供参考依据。方法采用回顾性调查方法对28899例恶性肿瘤患者发生医院感染情况进行调查分析。结果该医院28899例住院肿瘤患者中发生医院感染2749例,感染率为9.51%。胃癌和直肠癌患者的感染率分别为16.63%和15.24%,其中呼吸道感染占51.80%。患者年龄在50岁以上和住院天数在50 d以上的患者感染率较高。引发医院感染的因素主要有使用免疫抑制剂,进行放和化疗,作导尿、引流、插管等操作发生医院感染的机会较多。结论恶性肿瘤患者属于医院感染高发群体,机体免疫力低下、高龄、住院天数延长、使用免疫抑制剂、放、化疗是引起医院感染的主要因素,原发癌肿分类与医院感染率无关联。

THE SURVEY OF NOSOCOMIAL INFECTIONS IN 2749 CASES OF MALIGNANT TUMORS

Objective To study the nosocomial infections and related factors in hospitalized cancer patients in order to provide reference for drawing up the prevention and controlling measures. Methods Nosocomial infections in 28899 hospitalized cancer cases from June 2002 to November 2007 were reviewed and analyzed retrospectively. Results The nosocomial infection rate in this cohort was 9.51%(2749/28899).Nosocomial infection rates in patients with stomach cancer and rectal cancer were 16.63% and 15.24% respectively.The respiratory tract was the most frequent site of infection,accounting for 51.80% of nosocomial infections.The malignant tumor patients who were older than 50 years or hospitalized longer than 50 days presented high infection rate.The main causes of nosocomial infections were use of immunosuppressant,radiotherapy,chemotherapy,urethral catheterization,drainage,intubation,etc. Conclusions Patients with malignant tumors belong to the population with high incidence of nsoscomial infection.The main causes of nosocomial infections are low immunity,advanced age,prolonged hospital stay,use of immunosuppressant,radiotherapy and chemotherapy.The types of tumor have no relation with the rate of nosocomial infection.