儿童期受虐待医学生的不安全感心理特点

目的研究医学生不安全感心理特点及其与受虐待经历的关系。方法采用整群抽样法,对某医学院262名医学生进行调查,使用儿童期虐待史自评量表(PRCA)、不安全感心理自评量表(SRFIS)、简式大五人格问卷(NEO-FFI-R)、社会支持评定量表(SSRS)、青少年生活事件量表(ASLEC)、自尊量表(SES)、一般自我效能感(GSES)、世界卫生组织生存质量简表(WHOQOL-BREF)、人口社会经济学资料调查问卷等进行现场测试。结果单因素分析发现,医学生的不安全感分数在性别、有无虐待、身体健康和家庭关系方面存在统计学差异(t=2.373～5.641,P<0.05;F=4.580～9.542,P<0.05),且与儿童期虐待、神经质、生活事件呈正相关(r=0.133～0.479,P<0.05),与生命质量、社会支持、外向性、友善性、谨慎性、自尊和一般自我效能感呈负相关(r=-0.121～-0.386,P<0.05)。逐步回归分析发现,在控制其他因素的影响后,儿童期虐待、神经质分别对医学生的不安全感具有正向预测作用(Beta值=0.106～0.394,P<0.05),自尊、一般自我效能感、家庭关系、谨慎性特质、环境领域生命质量和社会支持分别对医学生的不安全感具有负向预测作用(Beta值=-0.114～-0.236,P<0.05)。结论儿童期受虐待经历对医学生不安全感心理具有不良影响,人格、自尊、自我效能感、家庭关系、社会支持和生命质量也是影响其不安全感形成的重要因素。

Characteristics of Insecurity in College Students and Its Relationship with Childhood Abuse

Objective To study the characteristics of insecurity in college students and its relationship with childhood abuse.Methods Through stratified sampling,262 medical students in Jiangsu were investigated by the Personal Report of Childhood Abuse（PRCA）,Self-Rating Feeling of Insecurity Scale（SRFIS）,the Revised NEO Five-Factor Inventory（NEO-FFI-R）,Social Support Rating Scale（SSRS）,Adolescent Self-Rating Life Events Check list（ASLEC）,The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale（SES）,General self-efficacy scale（GSES）,the World Health of Organization Quality of Life Brief Scale（WHOQOL-BREF）and Social Population Economics Scale.Results The significant differences were existed in insecurity scores of college students in gender,childhood abuse,physical health and family relations（t=2.373～5.641,P0.05;F=4.580～9.542,P0.05）.The insecurity scores of college students were related to childhood abuse,neuroticism,extraversion,agreeableness,conscientiousness,life events,quality of life,social support,self-esteem and general self-efficacy（r=0.133～0.479,-0.121～-0.386;P0.05）.Stepwise regression showed that insecurity was predicted positively by childhood abuse and neuroticism（Beta=0.106～0.394,P0.05）,was predicted negatively by self-esteem,general self-efficacy,family relations,quality of life,social support and conscientiousness（Beta=-0.114～-0.236,P0.05）.Conclusion The characteristics of insecurity in college students are influenced by childhood abuse,personality,self-esteem,self-efficacy,family relations,quality of life and social support.